Summations Only

And point mutations are also far less rapid in some areas than in others.So your crude calculation shows that zero to one mutations, on average and based on 100% fixation which we know is high (but I don't know a better number) would be expected in 4500 years. High-mutation-rate areas might have more than one, low-mutation rate areas would rarely have even one.It's pretty obvious that the average number of alleles per gene per species on the alleged ark would be less than 14. Even if Noye had 21st century sequencing equipment and the electricity it to run it and the chemical supplier to provision it I bet he couldn't find seven pairs of any species that had different alleles in every gene. And the pigs would have a maximum of four alleles and their average over all their genes would be less.Lets look at pigs. From Genetic diversity and allelic richness in Spanish wild and domestic pig population estimated from microsatellite markers we see lots of instances of well over four alleles in Spain, not even counting the rest of the world: From Patterns of genetic diversity of local pig populations in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil we see up to 20 alleles: So there's no possibility that all those alleles arose in such geographically limited area in 4500 years. No fludde, nope, no how, no way.Edited by JonF, : No reason given.Edited by JonF, : Corrected link to second paper

Yup, pigs are unclean. That's why I chose them. Maximum four alleles, in "reality" fewer. Unless, of course, there were extra stowaway pigs scuttling around unnoticed and hiding in mouseholes with the mice. Again, Making Stuff Up. God gave him specific instructions and didn't mention diversity. (14 individuals or four is way too low for species survival, but the abncient Hebrews didn't know that). How and why did he choose such genetically diverse animals? I bet it would be essentially impossible, even given modern technology. to find 14 (or, in this case, four) animals with 14 (four) different alleles for 90% of their genes. Do you think Noye chose his animals by sequencing their entire genome? Or how?No, even if there were 14 alleles of pigs on the alleged ark, your own calculations show that 19 and 20 alleles of any two genes would be very very improbable.But we have the "reality" of a maximum of four pig alleles on the alleged ark and essentially certainly fewer. We have your own calculation of zero or one (after some correction for non-coding DNA, which by definition cannot contain alleles) alleles per gene expected to arise in 4500 years. We have observations of Spanish pigs with 17 of 18 genes showing 6 or more alleles (twice your maximum expectation more than four) and averaging (the maximum number in each row) 8.3 alleles per gene, over four times your expected maximum number of additions even if there were four alleles on the alleged ark. We have observations of Brazilian peccaries with 18 of 18 genes showing seven (three times your maximum expectation more than four) or more alleles per gene and an average of 11 alleles per gene, seven times your maximum expectation more than four. We compare the two tables and note different numbers of alleles for some common genes between the two, which guarantees that both studies are missing some alleles in the world's population by restricting their samples to a geographically localized area, so the real number of alleles world wide is guaranteed to be larger.Sorry for your preconceptions, but you got the number of pigs per ark way wrong, and the reality of today's observations is that there absolutely was no bottleneck in swine 4500 years ago, or even much more time than that.{Edit} Replaced "7.9 alleles per gene, four times your expected maximum number of additions" with "8.3 alleles per gene, over four times your expected maximum number of additions"I will have some more to say about the model a little later {/Edit}Edited by JonF, : No reason given.Edited by JonF, : math error, see note