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Author Topic:   Moral Relativism
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 217 of 284 (132631)
08-11-2004 1:18 AM
Reply to: Message 216 by jar
08-11-2004 12:32 AM


To jar:
I have always said the there is a certain basic level of morality. It revolves around love your neighbor as yourself. But so far no one has been able to so any absolute moral standards.
I agree that what you have said contains a sense of morality, though I would hardly consider that the basic level. "Love thy neighbour as you love yourself" is hard, if not impossible. It implies total selflessness (or the absolute non-existence of selfishness) and to me, this seems more applicable as a goal to strive for rather than a basic level to start off with.
A basic level would be, I believe, something along the lines of "don't kill other people". From there onwards, higher levels can incorporate "don't harm others", "altruism", and finally "love others as you love yourself".
What do you think?
Food for thought: sometimes, people will consider "help" or "love" from other people as harm or annoyance. For example, fundamentalists strive to "help" others to see the light; parents subject their children under immense pressure to achieve certain goals for their own good, etc.
In these cases, perhaps the moral highground is simply to "leave others alone" and "mind your own business".
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 216 by jar, posted 08-11-2004 12:32 AM jar has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 218 by jar, posted 08-11-2004 1:51 AM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 219 of 284 (132656)
08-11-2004 2:22 AM
Reply to: Message 218 by jar
08-11-2004 1:51 AM


To jar:
But most rules have exceptions. Love others as you love yourself is not applicable when you have to choose between saving yourself and saving others. What I'm trying to say is that in the aim of establishing a so-called "fundamental level of morality", one should really look at something that everyone will agree to.
The Golden rule is only applicable to a small group of enlightened individuals (by applicable, I mean "actually actively practiced in everyday life"). If you consider it in terms of pursuing a goal, then I'm with you. If you're establishing it as a basic tenant of morality that everyone will agree upon, then I'm afraid it simply will not be practical. After all, selfishness, much like altrusim, is a survival mechanism.
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 218 by jar, posted 08-11-2004 1:51 AM jar has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 220 by jar, posted 08-11-2004 7:21 PM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 221 of 284 (133113)
08-12-2004 4:47 AM
Reply to: Message 220 by jar
08-11-2004 7:21 PM


To jar:
I think you have probably misunderstood my comment. I am not suggesting that the Golden Rule is not a worthwhile goal to pursue. Surely if everyone abides by the rule of "Love others as you love yourself", then the world will be paradise.
However, that will only work if people are intrinsically selfless in all actions and endeavours, and this is simply impossible to accomplish. This is why I am suggesting that it is not a viable "basic level of morality". Perhaps you misunderstood what I mean by "basic"?
Consider:
I suppose you will agree that if everyone on earth are Christians with pure Christian values, then the world will be paradise (no conflict).
And I suppose this can be generalised to almost all religions - everyone on Earth is Muslim/Buddhist/Mormon/Catholic/Jewish etc. The world will be paradise.
The reason why the above will never happen is because everyone has a different idea of what they would like to pursue, hence the existence of deviance and variations in ideas and attitudes - conflict.
Similarly, "love others as you love yourself" cannot be practically accomplished because it runs along the grains of selfishness, which is one of the key human attributes. Perhaps you can even say that greed is the foundation of Capitalism. Thus I question the practicality of making the Golden Rule the basic tenant for morality - it is a goal worth pursuing, but it will not be practiced by everyone.
Am I making myself a little clearer now?
Perhaps you would like to explain what you mean by "basic level of morality"?
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 220 by jar, posted 08-11-2004 7:21 PM jar has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 222 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 8:28 AM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 223 of 284 (133148)
08-12-2004 9:27 AM
Reply to: Message 222 by jar
08-12-2004 8:28 AM


To jar:
Would you agree that things like lying, stealing, cheating and murder are wrong?
In general, yes, I will agree. It is wrong in the sense that it will compromise certain concepts we value - such as trust, possession, loyalty, life, etc.
Please continue.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 222 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 8:28 AM jar has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 224 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 9:34 AM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 225 of 284 (133157)
08-12-2004 10:26 AM
Reply to: Message 224 by jar
08-12-2004 9:34 AM


To jar:
For example, the idea of stealing food to keep someone from starving might be excusable and even moral if no other option was available.
Perhaps I would be one of the few people who feel this way, but no I wouldn't agree. In the case you have stated, stealing is wrong, and the ends do not justify the means - it is not moral nor excusable. I don't believe that we should rationalise away the process just because it seems to provide greater good.
Afterall, the person you stole from may starve as a result of your actions.
Provide me with another example if you wish.
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 224 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 9:34 AM jar has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 226 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 10:59 AM Sleeping Dragon has replied
 Message 229 by contracycle, posted 08-12-2004 12:24 PM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 228 of 284 (133210)
08-12-2004 12:21 PM
Reply to: Message 226 by jar
08-12-2004 10:59 AM


To jar:
Thank you for your reply.
Reply to your post:
Okay. Well, it looks like we disagree then. No problem.
Errrrrr...ok...so are you going to explain and support your perspective?
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 226 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 10:59 AM jar has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 231 by jar, posted 08-12-2004 4:11 PM Sleeping Dragon has not replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 239 of 284 (133497)
08-13-2004 5:10 AM
Reply to: Message 229 by contracycle
08-12-2004 12:24 PM


To contracycle:
What if I steal it from a rich person who has more bread than they can physically eat?
See, the notional preservation of property rights based on the potential impact suffered by the victim of theft is not invalid, but there is a valid question IMO as to whether it should be applied as a universal principle.
So....what if you do? Are you going to steal from A and not from B simply because A can afford to be stolen from? To me, your argument is very much invalid and I can't see how it could be otherwise.
What is moral: Being able to reap the rewards you worked for, or having them ripped off you because someone else does not have it?
You can probably argue that taxes (transfers of income) are justified for the good of the society, but stealing?
If you are going to challenge the notion of preservation of property rights as a universal principle, I'm all ears.
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 229 by contracycle, posted 08-12-2004 12:24 PM contracycle has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 254 by contracycle, posted 08-17-2004 6:16 AM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 255 of 284 (134684)
08-17-2004 12:36 PM
Reply to: Message 254 by contracycle
08-17-2004 6:16 AM


To contracycle:
Thank you for your reply.
Reply to your post:
Exactly so. That illustrates my point: the NOMINAL impact which someonbe MIGHT suffer is taken as an absolute, and applied even in circumstances in which no impact will be felt.
But who judges how much impact a loss will have on any individual? A selfish, egocentric scrooch may value his/her millionth dollar more than a generous individual value his/her hundredth dollar. Is percentage or proportion a sufficiently good basis for measuring impact?
Note: if the millionth dollar mattered so little to scrooch, why did he/she bother earning it in the first place? The fact that he/she now possess the wealth must mean that he/she values the dollar. How do we weigh subjective valuation of assets?
I don't dispute that an individual can lay to the exploitation of some necessary good or resource.
Oh good. Well we don't disagree on this at least.
My concern arises when someone has socially endowed property rights far beyond what they can actually personally exploit. Under those conditions, a property system that protects such property only serves to make others dependant on that person. A better system would not extend property rights to things an individual is not or is not capable of exploiting, and leave everything else free to be exploited by others. IMO our property system is a hindrance to innovation and welath creation.
Hmmmmmmmmmm..........I kind of understand what you are referring to, though it sounds more like an economic wealth allocation problem than morality. A progressive tax (such as income tax) is already doing such a great job of allocating wealth from the rich to the poor - must we really change Possession Law?
I don't know if I am interpreting this correctly, but you seem to be saying that in a better system, all individuals can only obtain and possess a certain amount of wealth (x), and that any wealth they generate past this amount must be forfeited to the society. Is this Communism?
Why would people work harder to earn past the minimum quota (since they can't retain the wealth anyway) - Promotion of laziness.
How do people who can't even earn the minimum amount of wealth survive?
How do you measure "ability to exploit"?
A better system would not extend property rights to things an individual is not or is not capable of exploiting, and leave everything else free to be exploited by others.
Can you explain this "better system" in greater detail please?
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 254 by contracycle, posted 08-17-2004 6:16 AM contracycle has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 262 by contracycle, posted 08-19-2004 7:02 AM Sleeping Dragon has replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 263 of 284 (135212)
08-19-2004 10:14 AM
Reply to: Message 262 by contracycle
08-19-2004 7:02 AM


To contracycle:
Thank you for your reply.
Reply to your post:
Capitalism makes value subjective; I think this is a faulty analysis. The criteria I apply is exploitation, and the capacity to exploit.
Ahhhhhh....interesting concept. Comments further down.
Exactly so. Property rights are social structures; property does not carry an inherent moral quality. Which is exactly why it is NOT evident that theft is morally wrong. The moral wrongness of theft is a device our society uses to persuade people not to steal.
Alright. Granted, I can see things from your perspective, and even gems of practicality in your argument too. I still see problems, though that may be because I don't know your theory well enough. Comments further down.
IMO, yes. Not least because the gap between riuch and poor is expanding in most OECD states, and so this strategy is clearly failing.
Well, there could be other factors - such as education and the wealth inheritance cycle. It has been prostulated, for example, that the rich are more knowledgable in how to make their money grow (or in avoiding taxes).
No. I am saying that a field is not possessed by a person merely because they put a stake in it. Either the field is under the plow, in use, and the person working it is befitting from it, or it is not in use, and should be freely available for use by those who need it and are willing to work. I assert actual exploitation crtiteria are more sensible than abstract property criteria for allocating social resources to users.
Ok, there is sense in this. May I ask what resources (aside from land) would be considered "public"? And also, what happens when this resource (or any other) is being used at maximum capacity?
And yes, this is very much Communism, as long as you don;t stoop to cheap lies like "everything is owned by the coercive state".
I don't care what it is as long as it works.
This is an elderly and gross lie. Anyone who had read Capital would know how to answer this; it circulates in the West only as propaganda.
So I have been taught a lie. Hmmmmm....reminescence of my Anglican primary school days.
The reason is, because I can gain benefit from a shitload of stuff. A house, a TV, a video player... and as technology improves, I stand to benefit even more. I am using all of this stuff, and therefore have the right to claim it be socially protected.
So there ARE property rights, but only stuff that you are using, right?
Question:
1) Can you build your house as big as you want it? (How much is exploit-able?)
2) Can you buy a TV for every room in your 200-room mansion?
3) Does this mean you can own as much money as you can earn but you can't buy more things than you can use?
it is in fact in capitalism that there is no motivation to work beyond the miniumum: the things I create through my efforts are owned by the boss, not by me, so there is no incentive for me to do more than the minimum.
But you can create your own company under Capitalism.
Also, your ability to make money for the company increases your worth to it, and thus increases your income. (If this does not happen, you can change over to another company that recognises your worth)
So under your system, all the companies would be state owned, and your wages would be performance-tagged? (Everyone owns everything + direct incentives to work harder)
Charity. But in an induatrialised society, we can easily feed and house everyone, so the issue is largely moot. Modern property owning socities treat their disabled and elderly much worse than most primitive communisms.
I won't buy into the idea of charity supporting the elderly and disabled on the grounds that charity is not guaranteed to generate sufficient funds. If you say taxes, then the issue is moot, yes.
As for the latter point, my knowledge in primitive societies and their treatment of the disabled and elderly is limited and prevents me from making any constructive comments, though I have reasons to believe you're probably right.
Its the old concept of the commons...but they do not have exclusiove property rights over the grazing lands because the land does not exist as a result of that persons efforts.
Again, I must ask:
So it doesn't matter how many cows/TVs/cars/boats/jets/shoes etc. you can own, but land is common? What else is common?
Is it ok if I come over to your house and take your Porsche out for a spin while you are watching TV, and so obviously not exploiting it?
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 262 by contracycle, posted 08-19-2004 7:02 AM contracycle has not replied

  
Sleeping Dragon
Inactive Member


Message 279 of 284 (136020)
08-21-2004 9:43 PM
Reply to: Message 275 by contracycle
08-20-2004 6:03 AM


To contracycle:
Thank you for your reply.
Reply to your post:
Any points I do not challenge I concede.
While this is notionally true, if the existing wealthy class has both the resources and the knowledge to best succeed, then their success is going to drive out the start-up companies; its more likely that a start-up will enter debt straight away and less likely to be able to procure good deals through contacts or nous. Some 70% of start-ups fail in the first year.
If memory serves, the high number of failures in small companies is not due to competition with competitors, but is rather attributable to the lack of business management skills on the part of the business owner.
Entering into debt is the most likely scenario for any small company when it starts off - one of the chief difficulties of sole ownership and partnerships. Perhaps you are referring to the company's inability to pull inself out of debt - which again can be attributable to poor management skills.
wealth begets wealth, and the wealthy are a ruling, self-perpetuating class
This occurs under Communism also, though perhaps to a smaller extent. The wealthy will still be better educated (education is a product that can be "bought" by the wealthy) and they will still have more powerful contacts, etc.
Prohibiting restricted exploitation of resources reduces the rich-poor discrepancy, granted, but some self-perpetuating factors are still in place.
If a common resource is being exploited at capacity, AND this causes some sort of conflict among would-be exploiters, a committee could be established to arbitrate, by one of several established democratic mechanisms.
Their decision rule would be based on...? If this is not set in concrete, there is room for corruption and bias.
Capital explicitly shows how people of different abilities get to control differeing quantitites of wealth in its demonstration of the labour theory of value.
Haven't read Capital. Pity.
In a sense, yes, but we are talking of a social contract relationship so distinct from orthodox property rights that its worth making a terminological distinction. One formulation that is used is to distinguish between personal property and private property.
...can you explain this "social contract relationship" please? This ties in with the Porshe example further down.
Exploitation limits your right to socially enforced exlusive access; it does not limit the wasteful expenditure of your own wealth surplus to your survival requirements. It is highly unlikely that anyone else will NEED to make use of your second bed or second toilet and demand these from you, but equally you have little personal NEED for a 200-room mansion.
Errrr...nope, this I don't understand.
Your argument against the building of a huge mansion (a product) is that it overuses the "Land" (resource) that is my fair share. Granted.
But doesn't owning 200 TVs (products) overuse the metal/plastic/silicon/energy (Resources) etc. that is my fair share? All natural resources are, ultimately, means of production - especially if they are irreplacable. (Note: by "quantity of social value", I assumed you meant wealth)
Question: does it mean that although exclusive access to "personal goods" are not socially enforced, it may be personally enforced?
The kind of problem this model attemopts to solve is this: a factory producing widgets falls below the ROI the owner would like or considers worthwhile; therefore they close the plant and throws the workers out on their ear. That facility could still have been productive, and the workers may still have been able to do socially valuable work; even if the ROI was nominal they might have remained self-sufficient.
Some would argue that a department producing public goods would have to produce it even if the ROI is negative. If all the companies are people-owned, ROI doesn't really come into the equation, does it now? Who makes the subjective call between consumer surplus and producer surplus - the price of the product?
Stuff you can have; what you cannot do is limit access to the means of production.
This assumes I can't limit the means of production by buying products.
I can purchase all the diamonds in the world (and any that is mined out of the ground thereafter) and I will control the natural resource.
This only demonstrates that it is not my own ability which brings me my wealth, but my ability to persuade other people, who control wealth, to give me some.
Stop. How would this differ in a Communist country? How do you objectively tag reward to performance in a people-owned company? It still seems like "it is not my own ability which brings me my wealth, but my ability to persuade other people", but these people, instead of controlling wealth, controls my pay.
Well, I dislike yu reference to "state" to indicate "collective action by the people", but your formulation is essentially correct. The state however is a particulatr entity with particular fetaures - such as standing armed bodies anf the monopoly of violence - that are not necessary in non-properties societies.
Granted. Please see question above on performance-tagged-reward system.
"From each according to their ability to each according to their need" and "He who does not work does not eat."
Not to claim that these two concepts are wrong, but they are really subjectively considered and measured (ability and need?). Plus, "he who does not work, does not eat" will fail under: 1) corruption (he who does not work will still eat because he has powerful supervisors who reckons he works), and 2) below full employment of resources (unemployment).
But again, this is a theory being advanced specifically for an INDUSTRIAL society that finds it trivially easy to over-produce foodstuffs. It is, in other words, well within our ability to feed those that need food, and we can freely do so without jeopardising our own sustenance. FUNDS are not the issue because funds only indicate the ability to mobilise socially-held resources.
Oh. I understand. So this will not apply to any society, but only those which can't feed itself but has the obvious means to do so, right?
In principle, yes it is OK, but equally it will be OK if I punch you in the nose when you bring it back. Its a matter between you and me, not the armed might of the state. I would have the right to ask why you made a point of using my vehicle rather than some other vehicle. OTOH, if you were rushing your pregnant wife to hospital and speed was of the essence, your decision would be more sensible and I would be less likely to find it offensive.
Ok, please explain the difference between private and personal properties. Must I protect all my properties with a 12-gauge?
Patiently awaiting your reply.

"Respect is like money, it can only be earned. When it is given, it becomes pittance"

This message is a reply to:
 Message 275 by contracycle, posted 08-20-2004 6:03 AM contracycle has not replied

  
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