Already had a freeze up trying to answer this. Could happen again. Can't make Word work with it either for some reason. Anyway.
Let's assume that you are right and that those processes do indeed reduce genetic diversity. What does that mean, "reduce genetic diversity"? It means that things become more and more the same, right? I mean, a reduction in diversity must mean an increase in uniformity, or else we need some new definitions of the words 'diversity' and 'uniformity'.
You aren't getting the picture here. Reduced genetic diversity refers to reduced numbers of alleles in a new usually smaller population, whether it's gene drift that selects a few and leaves others within a population, or a geographic split in which some lose contact with the original population and so on.
Sometimes there is no actual loss, merely a change in frequency of the number of various alleles. Either way you get new combinations of alleles and new traits will eventually emerge from these. Over time, many splits, especially bottleneck, a very severe reduction, you can get to the point of speciation, as happens in ring species. Quetzal's example of the Ensatina is a good one. It assumes mutation brings about the new traits, but the existing alleles in the original population are explanation enough.
You do NOT get uniformity, you get change at the phenotype or population level.
Think dog breeding. The more you reduce the population, even down to a few founder dogs, the more alleles you eliminate, which allows the alleles you favor to be expressed in the breed. Over time you select for the traits you want, and in this process you are eliminating the genetic material for the traits you don't want. This is how you get new breeds, and ultimately species.
So, here's an interesting question for you: how can a process that reduces genetic diversity, a process that leads to more uniformity, how can such a process bring about new traits?
I hope my explanation above is clear. It does not produce uniformity, it reshuffles the alleles, changes the frequencies, which is the definition of evolution after all. "Evolution is a change in the frequency of alleles in a population" isn't that how it goes? There may not be loss every time, although a severe split may very wwell cause loss, but over time, many splits, etc. there will certainly be a trend to loss of alleles and therefore a reduction in genetic diversity.
It should be painfully obvious that these two effects, the reduction of diversity and the creation of new traits, are contradictory. Please explain how you come up with such a strange concept.
I've explained it at endless endless length on many threads by now and have just explained it again above. I hope it gets across.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.