Hi Peg, just a small point
What do you say about the 'clovis culture' regarding their replacement by several other cultures from the time of the Younger Dryas?
I think you may have these backwards, or I am not reading your comment correctly:
Clovis Culture - Ohio History Centralquote:
Clovis Culture
9500 B.C. to 8000 B.C.
The Clovis culture is one of the oldest widely recognized cultures of prehistoric native peoples in North America. The hallmark of the Clovis culture is the Clovis spear point. It is named for Clovis, New Mexico, where it was first recognized as a tool of Ice Age people. Archaeologists have found Clovis points from Alaska to northern Mexico and from California to Maine. They are especially common in Ohio and other eastern states. Radiocarbon dates on Clovis sites across North America indicate these people lived between 9500 to 8000 B.C.
In the southwestern United States, Clovis points have been found stuck in the ribs of mammoths. In eastern North America, they have been found with mastodon skeletons. It is likely that these hunting and gathering people ate a variety of plants and animals.
I believe the Clovis people are considered the ancestors to all the more modern NA indian tribes.
http://www.agu.org/revgeophys/mayews01/node6.htmlquote:
Most recently the YD has been redated--using precision, subannually resolved, multivariate measurements from the GISP2 core--as an event of 1300+/-70 years duration that terminated abruptly, as evidenced by an 7C rise in temperature and a twofold increase in accumulation rate, at 11.64 kyr BP [ Alley et al., 1993] (Figure 2).
That's ending ~11,640 years before 1950, or 9,690 BCE, and starting ~10,990 BCE
Thus the Clovis Culture comes after the Lesser Dryas cold snap. The Clovis Culture is marked by a technological change in the making of spear points and knife blades, much more efficient tools than previously used.
Do you agree that there is an observed change in the archaeological record including numerous extinctions at this time? and if not, why not?
One of the theories for the extinctions was the improved ability of the plaeo-indians to kill large animals. Not all mass extinctions are due to floods, and we are witnessing what appears to be mass extinctions on earth due to human population pressure on ecosystems around the world. One of the pieces of evidence is that there was no extinction of people in those periods. Sabertooth tigers, giant sloths, cave bears, dire wolves, and mammoths are all found with evidence of being hunted.
The ability to be more efficient hunters resulted in a population explosion as humans spread across the NA continent, and these populations divided into federated tribes that then developed in different ways to adapt their technologies to their ecologies.
I know the dating of this is 8,000 odd years ago, but putting the date aside, ..
Ignoring the evidence of dates doesn't help, as one would not expect to find organisms subject to extinction in certain areas due to a flood event to be founr in other locations after a flood event -- there is a mis-match of living organisms before and after. The mis-match is explained by the floods occurring at different times, and when you plot the floods by the organisms before and after and compare them to the scientific dates there is good correlations for the dates.
On extinction of human populations that is not explained thoroughly is the dissappearance of the Anassazi indians during drought conditions
http://www.crystalinks.com/anasazi.html
But they came much later (beginning around 1200 B.C., and ending 1150 to 1350 AD) and may have merge with other tribes (either intentionally or by forced slavery).
But no evidence of flood in this time.
Enjoy.
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