Evolving New Information

Slevesque, would you say being able to digest food you couldn't digest before qualifies as a new trait?

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I hunt for the truth

That's probably because Percy was making a joke. It should be beAk of the Finch. You misspelled Finch as Pinch.

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I hunt for the truth

Ok, since you admit that being able to digest stuff you couldn't digest before qualifies as a new trait, let me present you with evidence that not only do new traits spring up because of evolution, entire genes spring up, and even new information.Alright, on with the show!Our topic today concerns a bacteria, that through evolution, can now digest nylon.This is the original gene: This gene was copied. But no new information was created, since it was a copy. This also means that one copy can mutate freely.The next thing that happened wasn't just any mutation, but the most dramatic one we know. A frameshift mutation. This will affect every single amino acid from the point of the frameshift onwards. An example of how this works:Amino acids are formed by a combination of three nucleotides, for example:|G A A | C G C|
Glutamate|ArginineNow, when you insert a nucleotide (which is what this mutation does), it doesn't just change the amino acid it gets inserted to, but every single one after that as well, again for example we insert C into the first position:|C G A | A C G| C
Alanine|ThreonineSo much for the example.There are 427 amino acids in the original gene. Now, creationists like to claim that the ability to digest nylon was already there in the gene, but they're wrong.The frameshift occurred at the 33rd amino acid, altering over 92% of the gene's information. Seen here in red: This is NOT a loss of information, however, because this gene is a copy.The frameshift added a new sequence to the gene, seen here in green: But not only that, it also made a new start codon at the insertion point. This means that this is an entirely new gene!This is the entirely new gene: And now: How much information was created by this?There are 4 nucleotides total.So, when we take the equation from information theory:LOG₂(4) = 2 bits (the 4 here being the total number of possibilities)An amino acid is made by three nucleotides, so that is:3*2 bits = 6 bits for every amino acidsince this mutation generated a sequence of 392 amino acids, we get:392*6 bits = 2352 bits of completely new information.The source of all this can be found hereAnd the video I kinda transcribed here is found hereEdited by Huntard, : Picture wasn't working

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I hunt for the truth

No there aren't. There are only 3 in the beginning, and four after the mutation. Seriously, what is so hard to understand here?Edited by Huntard, : Spellings

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I hunt for the truth

Woundedking wasn't talking about Drew's example. He was talking about Percy's example first given here: Message 1So, uhm, I think you owe someone an apology.

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I hunt for the truth

Yes. It's nonsensical, but it IS more information.Edited by Huntard, : changed it a bit

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I hunt for the truth

No he doesn't. Is this how you think mutations occur?

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I hunt for the truth

You didn't ask for new information, you asked for a beneficial mutation. It was provided.

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I hunt for the truth

And this is not even the first thread about information Lucy's been in.