Hello

Just so you know, the placebo effect (also see the Hawthorn effect) can be explained by the reduction in anxiety and increased sense of control we feel when either doing something we beleive to be positive or having something we believe to be psoitive done to us.It is established that long term anxiety and depression causes physiological issues (such as compromising immune response) and lifting of these symptoms can cause positive outcomes for patients based solely on their perception of symptoms.Being in a control group in a drug trial makes people beleive someone is doing something to help them and this activates the Hawthorn effct. No mistery. No problem for ToE.As consequnce I see no reason to see this as a problem for ToE.In fact, you will have to establish that any on that list are problems for evolution as I can't see one that poses a problem.To take another example: The Hum (noise from modern machines that some people can hear and some can't). How is this a problem for ToE?You might as well ask why those screamer devices that kids can hear but adults can't is a problem for ToE.

Your're right, curses!

Sorry, miss read your post to read the list as challenges for ToE.They're still not unexplained, though.ABE: don't worry about the 'pile on' that's happening here. It's par for the course for a new member.Stand your ground, don't blink and you will do just fine, here.Edited by Larni, : No reason given.

Yep. Being in a control group is enough to ignite the placebo effect.