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Author Topic:   Dogs will be Dogs will be ???
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 270 of 331 (654003)
02-26-2012 1:35 AM
Reply to: Message 268 by RAZD
02-25-2012 7:40 PM


Re: Bump for Chuck77 and Panda
Hi RAZD, Welcome back.
RAZD formally Zen Deist formally RAZD writes:
Okay, Panda, I was more after Chuck77 to pick up this thread ...
How about you take Portillo on the other thread and I'll take on Chuck77 here? ... a little semi one on one debate?
Sounds good. I'm not so sure about the science side of things concerning micro macro. I didn't even think advocates of evolution liked those terms and really it doesn't matter so much if we use them.
RAZD writes:
(1) If your definition of macroevolution is different from evolutionary biology what is it?
First of all I don't like the terms micro or macro. If I say I accept "micro" it seems like I am accepting evolution as a whole, which I don't. Tho for sake of argument "micro" to me is: observed genetic variation within a kind of animal.
"Macro" to me would be land mammal to sea mammal or vice versa. Much much more change. Hoping for a beneficial mutation will account for the many changes needed to make the (change)?(i'm not sure what exactly would be needed for such a change) Whereas micro would not need to depend on random mutations to evolve because it would already be included in the original DNA e.g. finch beaks.
(2) Why do you think it is a valid definition?
I can't say. Like I said I don't use the terms really. To me Macro is unseen change over thousands millions of years that cannot be observed. I concede micro cannot really be observed either (as none of us are witnessing Wolves slowly becoming Poodles - same kind) but atleast we see the same kinds of animals producing the same kinds of animals. So I think it's a stretch to assume they change out of that kind. Why should they? Why would they? Why can't that kind adapt to the evironment into another species of the same kind? What is the need for "macro" evolution. I accept evolution of the same kind of animal, just not the TOE's version of it e.g. transitional, intermediates, PE, etc.
I think extinction is a possible cause for the fossil record looking the way it does instead of some of them being transitionals (IMO). I think tho, that there are transitional fossils within the same kind that make up a part of the fossil record too. How couldn't there be if I accept "micro" evolution?
So could some of those "micro" intermediates be confused for "macro" intermediates?
(3) How much change is necessary?
A lot? I'm not sure. 50,000 - 100,000 morphological changes? How many ever are needed to adapt. It would seem much easier for a Fox to Cat than Horse to Whale?
Incidently as ignorant as it may sound that's what I think "macro" would be - horse to whale - for a lack of better example. Again it may be ignorant of me to define things the way I am but i'm just letting you know what my knowledge of these things are.
(4) Why isn't the difference between cat and fox a valid criteria?
Because their the same kind (feline). I wouldn't consider it "macro" but "micro".
RAZD writes:
We'll start with those - and see what turns up.
Cool.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 268 by RAZD, posted 02-25-2012 7:40 PM RAZD has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 272 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 3:34 AM Chuck77 has replied
 Message 285 by RAZD, posted 02-26-2012 9:02 AM Chuck77 has replied
 Message 289 by RAZD, posted 02-26-2012 4:02 PM Chuck77 has replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 271 of 331 (654004)
02-26-2012 2:57 AM


Same kind different species?
RADZ writes:
Would you expect one to become exactly like the other, or through convergent evolution to have similar behavior and appearance, as we see with the sugar glider (australian marsupial) and the flying squirrel (north american placental)?
Hi RAZD. I brought this post over here to respond to. You can work it into one comment with my other post if you like so we don't have multiple comments going at the same time.
Well, that's a good question. I'm not sure. Maybe the same kind but a different species? On the face of it I would say they were the same kind. Although i'm not sure. I don't think location of animals is what determines kinds. I think a bird in Australia could be same kind of bird in America, etc.
Although in your example they could be different kinds sure.
I guess I could ask what helps you determine what a kind is? How do you classify certain animals, species? I'm not so sure I have a great definition to be honest. I don't think it's easy to say just based on similar behavior and appearance. A lion could have simliar apperances as a dog but one would be feline and the other canine.
So maybe we should work on a good definition of kind before we go further.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

Replies to this message:
 Message 284 by Percy, posted 02-26-2012 8:26 AM Chuck77 has replied
 Message 287 by crashfrog, posted 02-26-2012 10:43 AM Chuck77 has replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 273 of 331 (654010)
02-26-2012 3:53 AM
Reply to: Message 272 by Huntard
02-26-2012 3:34 AM


Re: Bump for Chuck77 and Panda
Huntard writes:
But they're not. Foxes are canine. Again, look at the family. Foxes are canidae (canine, wolves are also in this category) and cats are felidae (feline, like lions are too). And if you mean that the "family" classification bit is the limit for "kind" (perhaps you made a mistake with foxes, it could happen), then still, humans are part of the same family as chimps.
Ooops. Yes, I made a mistake. Foxes are canine? I thought they were feline(felidae).
Would it be ok then to say I don't believe the fox can evolve "into" a cat then?
Of course I don't mind you commenting. Thanks for the info.
ABE: It seems like these - kinds- are already set up. I can accept these catagories you posted all evolving into each (except chimp to man).
For now can we leave chimp to man out of it and focus on the feline canine families?
This is a little confusing for me. So the flying squirrel is a rodent and the sugar slider is marsupial?
Why are they classified different? What sets them apart? I need to look at all the classifications I think and maybe go from there for my own good.
ABE: decided to just make it a seperate post.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 272 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 3:34 AM Huntard has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 274 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 3:59 AM Chuck77 has not replied
 Message 277 by dwise1, posted 02-26-2012 5:08 AM Chuck77 has replied
 Message 288 by RAZD, posted 02-26-2012 12:32 PM Chuck77 has replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 276 of 331 (654016)
02-26-2012 4:35 AM
Reply to: Message 275 by Huntard
02-26-2012 4:05 AM


Re: A great video
Thanks Huntard, i'll watch it now.
Also, what I meant to say above (what I said was I can accept these catagories evolving into eachother) was the felidae classification (for example) all evolving within that family - Lion, cat, tiger I accept...not canine with feline just for clarification.
The Hominidae family I disagree with also. Chimp to man.
I know it seems i'm being picky choosey here but i'm just sharing my thoughts trying to determine how these classifications are determined.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 275 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 4:05 AM Huntard has not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 278 of 331 (654018)
02-26-2012 5:10 AM
Reply to: Message 272 by Huntard
02-26-2012 3:34 AM


Re: Bump for Chuck77 and Panda
chuck writes:
So maybe we should work on a good definition of kind before we go further.
Huntard writes:
Indeed. Care to start the ball rolling?
How about starting here:
Canidae - Wikipedia:
FAMILY CANIDAE
[edit] Subfamily CaninaeTrue dogs - Tribe Canini
Genus Canis
Gray wolf, Canis lupus (2.723 Ma to present)
Domestic dog, Canis lupus familiaris
Dingo, most often classified as Canis lupus dingo (sometimes considered a separate taxon)
many other subspecies
Coyote, Canis latrans (also called Prairie Wolf)
Ethiopian wolf, Canis simensis (also called Abyssinian wolf, simien fox and simien jackal)
Golden jackal, Canis aureus
Side-striped jackal, Canis adustus
Black-backed jackal, Canis mesomelas
Genus Cuon
Dhole, Cuon alpinus or Canis alpinus (also called Asian wild dog)
Genus Lycaon
African wild dog, Lycaon pictus (also called African hunting dog)
Genus Atelocynus
Short-eared dog, Atelocynus microtis
Genus Cerdocyon
Crab-eating fox, Cerdocyon thous
Genus Dusicyon
Falklands wolf, Dusicyon australis
Genus Lycalopex (Pseudalopex)
Culpeo, Lycalopex culpaeus
Darwin's fox, Lycalopex fulvipes
South American gray fox, Lycalopex griseus
Pampas fox, Lycalopex gymnocercus
Sechura fox, Lycalopex sechurae
Hoary fox, Lycalopex vetulus
Genus Chrysocyon
Maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus
Genus Speothos
Bush dog, Speothos venaticus
True foxes - Tribe Vulpini
Genus Vulpes
Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus
Red fox, Vulpes vulpes (1 Ma to present)
Swift fox, Vulpes velox
Kit fox, Vulpes macrotis
Corsac fox, Vulpes corsac
Cape fox, Vulpes chama
Pale fox, Vulpes pallida
Bengal fox, Vulpes bengalensis
Tibetan sand fox, Vulpes ferrilata
Blanford's fox, Vulpes cana
Rppell's fox, Vulpes rueppelli
Fennec fox, Vulpes zerda
Genus Urocyon (2 Ma to present)
Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus
Island fox, Urocyon littoralis
Cozumel fox, Urocyon sp.
Basal Caninae
Genus Otocyon (probably a vulpine close to Urocyon)
Bat-eared fox, Otocyon megalotis
Genus Nyctereutes
Can we call the family Canidae a "kind"?
ABE: I'm not sure I really understand what evolution predicts.
Does it say that all these catagories evolve within themselves?
Is the only one I have a problem with is the hominade family then? Chimp to man?
Sorry man, I really don't know.
So is my idea of "macro" not what the TOE teaches?
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 272 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 3:34 AM Huntard has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 280 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 5:33 AM Chuck77 has replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 279 of 331 (654019)
02-26-2012 5:16 AM
Reply to: Message 277 by dwise1
02-26-2012 5:08 AM


Re: Bump for Chuck77 and Panda
I'm actually trying to wrap my brain around all of this information trying to learn about the different catagories that I have no idea about whatsoever and you come at me with this response?
Do you really feel that threatend by my complete and utter lack of knowledge on evolution and the taxonomic catagories?
I'm having a hard enough time after watching that video trying to figure out what he was talking about and researching this subject.
I'm sorry for insulting you as my comments are in no way directed at you but Huntard and RAZD who seem to be willing to engage me. Thanks.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 277 by dwise1, posted 02-26-2012 5:08 AM dwise1 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 282 by dwise1, posted 02-26-2012 6:13 AM Chuck77 has not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 281 of 331 (654023)
02-26-2012 6:13 AM
Reply to: Message 280 by Huntard
02-26-2012 5:33 AM


Re: Bump for Chuck77 and Panda
Huntard writes:
Well, that's just it. On what basis should we call it a "kind", what are the definitions, the boundaries of a "kind"?
I don't know. It might be a little more complicated than Ithought (imagine that).
You're saying there aren't such a thing as kinds right? What do you call them then, species, sub-species?
What do you think we mean by kinds? Heheheh...
I think it would be good to start by the certain catagories already set in place and go from there maybe. Tho you say where do kinds end? Does evolution teach there is no end, that we are all connected so to speak?
Then what do we think, that we aren't all connected? If evolution says common ancestory and we say common designer, no matter what we must all be connected...right? That our DNA is a "universal" like code?
So what's our contention, the whole we are apes thingy? If I feel we just are not evolved along with apes perse and that all species evolved within (the yet undefined term of kinds) then we are trying to find the mechanism now?
I'm just trying to find the dividing line of where my contention is at.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 280 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 5:33 AM Huntard has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 283 by Huntard, posted 02-26-2012 6:39 AM Chuck77 has not replied
 Message 286 by crashfrog, posted 02-26-2012 10:32 AM Chuck77 has replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 290 of 331 (654121)
02-27-2012 12:36 AM
Reply to: Message 285 by RAZD
02-26-2012 9:02 AM


Re: micro and macro
Hi RAZD.
RAZD quotes writes:
Definitions of Biological Evolution
We begin with two working definitions of biological evolution, which capture these two facets of genetics and differences among life forms. Then we will ask what is a species, and how does a species arise?
Definition 1:Changes in the genetic composition of a population with the passage of each generation
Definition 2:The gradual change of living things from one form into another over the course of time, the origin of species and lineages by descent of living forms from ancestral forms, and the generation of diversity
Note that the first definition emphasizes genetic change. It commonly is referred to as microevolution. The second definition emphasizes the appearance of new, physically distinct life forms that can be grouped with similar appearing life forms in a taxonomic hierarchy. It commonly is referred to as macroevolution.
Definition one reads fine except it doesn't say how long the changes take or how many.
Definition two is a little confusing. One form to another that are simliar? (I will read the whole page as you recommend).
RAZD writes:
If we observe the effect of microevolution over many generations, we can observe the accumulation and loss of a number of hereditary traits, especially when the ecological challenges and opportunities change. Microevolution is a response mechanism that filters variations for traits that are better adaptations to the existing ecology.
Arbitrary Speciation
Over many generations a population can accumulate and lose a number of traits, and thus it can appear significantly different from the ancestral population, even though there is a direct unbroken lineage of descent from parent to offspring. Sometimes these accumulated differences are sufficient for biologists to assign a new species name to the breeding population, even though this is a fairly arbitrary designation.
Ok. I think I understand. So a wolf for instance passes down herditary traits and maybe 4 generations later a species can look entirely different form the wolf? It's actually a new species. Micro evolution right?
The question here is how do new species get added to the mix, something more than the arbitrary speciation mechanism. A new species is added when a speciation event occurs:
Discrete Speciation
Speciation is the division of a parent population into two or more reproductively isolated daughter populations that then evolve independently of each other.
The reduction or loss of interbreeding (gene flow, sharing of mutations) between the daughter populations results in different, independent, evolutionary responses in the daughter populations to their different ecological opportunities.
What do you mean by daughter population? Females in the area?
So in order for this to take place a lot of factors are involved mainley location and the daughter population in that area?
Such discrete speciation events have been observed to occur, both in the lab and in the field (particularly in plants). These are not arbitrary events such as discussed above, but if you remove one of the daughter populations and looked at the accumulation and loss of hereditary traits from generation to generation from parent to daughter population you would see the same types of variation and adaptation seen that was discussed for arbitrary speciation.
Ok, this actually sounds familiar but is a little confusing. A lot of this is.
Speciation seems important. I always thought speciation was two of the same kind (until I get a better grasp of everything I hope you don't mind me using the word kind) but different species reproducing? Like say a sparrow and a robin? Both birds...different species? Is that speciation or does it go deeper than that?
Would you call speciation micro or macro? This may already be obvious but some things are gonna go over my head here.
As you can see there is a fairly obvious difference in degree of change here from what biologists consider for macroevolution.
How about something like a dog to a horse?
Hmmm. Well sure. I mean if it were to happen there is no denying it right? Wouldn't there be a trail leading both to eachother?
(For sake of argument I have to bring some things up that I don't yet agree with so don't take it as me believing it now but it will help the conversation go forward)
For instance we would see dog traits in the horse and horse traits in the dog? They look alike from a distance, both run on 4 legs...tails, no tails etc etc. Yeah I could go with it. So why aren't they in the same family you think? Are they that far apart? Even if they are that far apart what is to say to seperate them anyway?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 285 by RAZD, posted 02-26-2012 9:02 AM RAZD has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 297 by RAZD, posted 02-27-2012 8:54 AM Chuck77 has not replied
 Message 298 by Percy, posted 02-27-2012 8:55 AM Chuck77 has not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 291 of 331 (654122)
02-27-2012 1:02 AM
Reply to: Message 286 by crashfrog
02-26-2012 10:32 AM


Re: Taxonomy
Hi Crashfrog, excellent thanks.
crashfrog writes:
What is a species, then? Scientists have largely settled on a definition that if two organisms are part of the same "reproductive population" - they can either breed with each other, or both breed with a third organism if given the opportunity - then we say they're part of the same species. Unfortunately that doesn't work very well for asexual organisms since they don't breed with anyone. Microbiologists have their own rules about what counts as a species but it's mostly an arbitrary amount of genetic difference.
How can you tell if they are of the same reproductive population? What do you mean? Not all canines can mate with all canines right? Is there something reproductivly that associates them then and that's why they are classified together?
So today we group organisms into a species, which are all the organisms that can breed with each other, and then group species into a genus, which are all the species that are most similar to each other.
Ok. So winged species in this corner, winged with tail over here, winged with tail beak over here?
It's important to recognize that this is all just bookkeeping. There are no classifications in nature. Animals and plants don't neatly assort themselves into categories, that's a simplifying system that we impose on the natural world. There's no such thing, physically, as a species or a "kind" because there really is no such thing as a "reproductive community."
Whoa. Interesting. I'm no sure I knew that. What do you mean there is no such thing as a "reproductive community"?
Don't animals usually stay within there own limitations? Don't they know who to reproduce with? I don't know what you mean and I also and confused about there are really no species.
IOW you're saying this is life, we are all here, all connected all the same yet different?
There's just two organisms involved in reproduction without regard as to who else they could hypothetically be reproducing with. The whole notion of classifying organisms is a theoretical notion. We call a dog a "dog" because it looks like other dogs to us, not because it has some kind of inherent dog-nature that separates it from wolves or cats or bears. It wasn't until the rise of molecular systematics three decades ago that we had any real way to determine similarity between organisms except by looking at them and making decisions about what kinds of similarity were more important than other kinds.
Really interesting. So I could actually say that a we are all of the same kind, different species, subspecies all the way down the line? Then, group then together the best we can based on genetics, looks, behavior and thats what makes up taxonomy? I'm just trying to determine why some are catagorized in different families. Like the sugar glider and flying squirrel...Do you think they should be in the same classification?
Plants, animals, trees, anything alive is catagorized? Then broken down and placed into other catagories with similiar features etc?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 286 by crashfrog, posted 02-26-2012 10:32 AM crashfrog has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 301 by crashfrog, posted 02-27-2012 3:23 PM Chuck77 has not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 292 of 331 (654123)
02-27-2012 1:15 AM
Reply to: Message 287 by crashfrog
02-26-2012 10:43 AM


Re: Same kind different species?
crashfrog writes:
Even creationists assert that marsupials and placentals are in different kinds.
Ahh, we do? I wonder why?
Evolutionists agree that flying squirrels and sugar gliders are as distantly related as any placental mammal is to any marsupial - that these two flying mammals are as dissimilar, in terms of evolutionary ancestry and genetic history, as human beings and kangaroos are.
Really? Wow.
But if you were looking at the juveniles, you would see that flying squirrels are placental mammals (like cats and dogs and humans) and gestate entirely in a uterus, while sugar gliders are marsupial mammals (like playtpuses and kangaroos) and gestate partially inside a uterus and partially inside the mother's abdominal pouch.
Yet they look almost exactly the same. How? One stray trait on looks got passed thru somehow? So it's more than just looks as far as taxonomy. Genetics plays a larger role then?
That's why scientists don't talk about things as "kinds" - that word is just insufficiently specific to fully describe the relationship of these two organisms, or any two organisms. We talk about taxons, which are hierarchical, and allows us to point to the exact "level" of the difference: they're both alive, they're both animals, they're both vertebrates, they both have four legs, they both have fur, warm blood, and milk, making them mammals. But now is where they're different: one is a marsupial (actually a sort of possum), the other is placental.
So those two a two utter and completly different species like us and kangaroos? Well this is going to hard to define what a kind is then, it seems.
Could they be classified different is we had different qualifications for the classifications? What actualy determines the classifications themselves? Again, it seems genetics is at the top of the list.
You can see how that hierarchical system already implies a certain evolutionary history - we're the same, we're the same, we're somewhat the same, we're somewhat less the same, we're very much less the same, we're not very alike at all, we're completely different. Classification by increasingly broad categories of physical similarity is a kind of evolutionary history, because that's how new species evolve from old ones - by becoming increasingly dissimilar from them.
Yeah interesting. I get it but at the same time I don't, but I do.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 287 by crashfrog, posted 02-26-2012 10:43 AM crashfrog has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 296 by caffeine, posted 02-27-2012 5:55 AM Chuck77 has seen this message but not replied
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Chuck77
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 293 of 331 (654126)
02-27-2012 1:49 AM
Reply to: Message 288 by RAZD
02-26-2012 12:32 PM


Re: kinds and clades
Hi RAZD
The location becomes a factor when we consider reproductive isolation, and in this case Australian marsupial mammals have been isolated from placental mammals for a long time.
So could they actually mate at one time?
Are they are analogous? In contrast to homologous?
ABE: The above statement about analogous and homologous was from searching for "convergent evolution". This is what I found:
Traits arising through convergent evolution are termed analogous structures, in contrast to homologous structures, which have a common origin.
Convergent evolution - Wikipedia
So they don't have a common origin? The sugar glider and flying squirrel?
RAZD quotes writes:
Cladistics
Cladistics (Ancient Greek: , klados, "branch") is a method of classifying species of organisms into groups called clades, which consist of an ancestor organism and all its descendants (and nothing else). ...
Cladistics can be distinguished from other taxonomic systems, such as morphology-based phenetics, by its focus on shared derived characters (synapomorphies). Systems developed earlier usually employed overall morphological similarity to group species into genera, families and other higher level groups (taxa); cladistic classifications (usually in the form of trees called cladograms) are intended to reflect the relative recency of common ancestry or the sharing of homologous features. Cladistics is also distinguished by an emphasis on parsimony and hypothesis testing (particularly falsificationism), leading to a claim that cladistics is more objective than systems which rely on subjective judgements of relationship based on similarity.[2]
Now I would think that you, and other creationists, would agree that their view of a "kind" would constitute a "clade" as used by cladistics,
Yeah, works for me.
|
^ a
/ \
/ \
/ ^ b
c ^ / \
/ \ / \
Here "a" would be the basal type for a "kind" would it not?
So far yeah. It seems it would. B and C would be other species of the "A" kind.
We don't need to know what level of taxonomy "a" "b" "c" and the four end groups are, they have all descended from the basal "a" kind\group. Here "b" and "c" could be wolves and foxes, and one of the right hand end groups could be dogs.
Their descendants will always be members of the dog clade, always be members of the wolf clade, always be members of the "a" clade.
Yes. That sounds good. Clade then would the "kind" I am taking about. What I don't get is when A,B or C of that clade...then jumps, to D,E and F. That's where I get lost. How could they?
How could they genectically? Do you understand what I mean? Like I said to Huntard, i'm trying to find where my point of contention lies.
We could, but that could be interpreted as claiming that "kind" is defined by "family" taxon, and I would rather not be side-tracked by that issue.
We can instead call it the Canidae clade, and avoid that issue.
Yep, sounds good.
The questions then become (a) what can evolve from a specific breeding population, and (b) how different do they need to become for you, creationists, to accept that macroevolution has in fact occurred, that the diversity of life has increased.
Yeah, it's a big question. I don't know.
If we go back to dogs and the OP for this thread:
quote:
Message 1: Back to the original quote:
"The fossil record shows variations of all sorts of things but will time turn a dog kind into something that we would say is clearly not a dog? " ...
So what would you like this to become?
Would a horse be enough? Would you dispute that a horse is clearly not a dog?
Note that this is an artistic interpretation of an actual fossil.
Hmm, well a Wolf isn't a dog but is canine. No one would call a bunch of wolves roaming around in the fields a bunch of dogs if they knew they were wolves. So if the Wolf is "A" and a horse was "B" or "C" then sure. What's the difference.
The queston is does that happen...such a huge change in appearence and genetically? Tho i'm not sure that works either because many species are different sizes. I don't know (again). What determines it if the horse should be grouped with the dog?
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 288 by RAZD, posted 02-26-2012 12:32 PM RAZD has replied

Replies to this message:
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Chuck77
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 294 of 331 (654130)
02-27-2012 2:29 AM
Reply to: Message 289 by RAZD
02-26-2012 4:02 PM


Re: moving forward: how much variation constitutes enough change
Hi RAZD.
Of course, you must realize that "much much much more change" is difficult to quantify. We also see that the amount of difference between cat and fox is less than the amount of variation we see in dogs. It would be difficult to apply this as a definition of macroevolution, don't you think?
Yes, it probably would now. One thing I would say/ask you RAZD is this: If the fox and cat are closer in changes than some dogs are why are they classified differently? Shouldn't they both be in either the canine or feline clade? Why are they not classified together while dogs who are farther apart in changes are?
When we look at clades all descendants are still members of the "a" clade, that they can evolve to be different, but they cannot evolve out of that clade. To expand the clade example:
|
^ a
/ \
/ \
/ \
/ ^ b
c ^ / \
/ \ / \
d e f g
"a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" and "h" are all members of the "a" clade, none of them have evolved out of the "a" clade, however "d" "e" "f" and "g" are different species.
If "a" is carnivora, "b" is canine, "c" is feline, "d" is house cat and "f" is red fox, they are still members of the carnivora clade even though they have evolved to be different.
Ok. i'm confused a little. Why are you putting canine with feline in the same clade? Aren't they a little to close together?I thought we were saying clades (for understanding you better and me grasping it better) was a kind - so to speak. Are you putting feline with canine?
Shouldn't it be "A" wolf "B" dog "C" poddle...and so on down the canine clade? d,e,f,g,h...
Then totally seperate would be "A" lion "B" tiger" "C" cat?
Those are most of the visible differences. Feel free to add to the list with whatever comes to mind. In a lot of the -3 cases the needle is pegged at much much less difference between cat and fox than between the extreme varieties of dog and wolf.
When we compare the skeletons, we can match bone for bone from cat to fox to dog to wolf, but we see much more variation in size and proportions between dog and wolf than between cat and fox. There are no bones that are special to cats or foxes or dogs. This can be counted as a -3 x number of bones.
Ok I see. I wonder why they are classified differently. Do you know what the bigger difference are within the dogs? Is it much more than +3?
Conclusion: from feature to feature to feature, a cat is more similar to a red fox than some dogs are like wolves.
I understand what you're saying. You're saying if I accpet wolf to dog (which has more changes in some than fox to cat) then I should accept fox to cat (different "kinds" tho less changes) who are classified differently?
As most creationists would claim that foxes and cats are different kinds, it would not appear to me that either major morphological change nor change "out of kind" is necessary to distinguish one from the other. Please correct me if I am wrong.
See above.
Now I, and I believe other evolutionists here would agree, don't believe that a fox can evolve into a cat, strictly speaking, but they could evolve into something resembling a cat in the way a sugar glider (australian marsupial) has evolved into something resembling the flying squirrel (north american placental).
I would also argue that the numerous similar evidences of convergent evolution can be taken as examples of one "kind" evolving "out of" it's original "kind" and into another: they have evolved into similar organisms.
Can you tell me why convergent evolution would not be evidence of one kind evolving into another?
I understand RAZD. I do and thank you for explaining it to me. I think tho, were moving a little fast. I'm not so sure I agree with the way the taxonomic catagories are set up. Tho i'm not sure it really matters. As crash said it's only to help guide us.
To answer your question about convergent evolution I can't right now. I need to understand more what convergent evolution is. Maybe our (my) definition of kinds ahould be expanded a little more.
ABE: I think I missed this RAZD when you said:
but they could evolve into something resembling a cat in the way a sugar glider (australian marsupial) has evolved into something resembling the flying squirrel (north american placental).
Do you think this could or did happen? Since one is marsupial and the other placental? So they are related(?) but not classified together? Genetically their very different right?
How many changes do you think they are away from dog to wolf or fox to cat?
ABE(again): RAZD I skipped over this because I didn't understand what your meant:
So you are asking for a larger degree of change than just from one kind to essentially be similar to another, yes?
The development of something that did not exist previously in the fossil record perhaps?
Such as evolving from something like a dog into the modern horse?
What do you mean?
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 289 by RAZD, posted 02-26-2012 4:02 PM RAZD has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 300 by RAZD, posted 02-27-2012 10:04 AM Chuck77 has not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 295 of 331 (654131)
02-27-2012 2:39 AM
Reply to: Message 284 by Percy
02-26-2012 8:26 AM


Re: Same kind different species?
Hi Percy
Percy writes:
It might be a better idea to explore what science knows about classification and speciation before making a decision about whether the concept of kind belongs in your version of creationism, otherwise you'll just be creating another version of creation that makes no sense.
Well first i'd like to see if I can come to a definition that works before I abandon it. Tho it's not going to be a tight as I thought.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 284 by Percy, posted 02-26-2012 8:26 AM Percy has seen this message but not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 304 of 331 (654402)
03-01-2012 1:35 AM


Hi RAZD, Crashfrog, Percy, Huntard and others. I need to do some reading before moving forward here I think.
I wanted to let you know i'm still looking to participate here and will respond to your posts soon.
Also, Taq, I think you're right. As RAZD has said: Message 288
RAZD writes:
Biology does not use "kind" as a classification, even though the taxonomic classification system was developed by Linneaus long before Darwin. Instead a number of levels are defined that show (or attempt to show) the levels of a nested hierarchy of descent from ancestors. This system is becoming increasingly unwieldy and many biologists are turning to cladistics.
quote:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cladistics
Cladistics (Ancient Greek: , klados, "branch") is a method of classifying species of organisms into groups called clades, which consist of an ancestor organism and all its descendants (and nothing else). ...
Cladistics can be distinguished from other taxonomic systems, such as morphology-based phenetics, by its focus on shared derived characters (synapomorphies). Systems developed earlier usually employed overall morphological similarity to group species into genera, families and other higher level groups (taxa); cladistic classifications (usually in the form of trees called cladograms) are intended to reflect the relative recency of common ancestry or the sharing of homologous features. Cladistics is also distinguished by an emphasis on parsimony and hypothesis testing (particularly falsificationism), leading to a claim that cladistics is more objective than systems which rely on subjective judgements of relationship based on similarity.[2]
and, in the same message:
RAZD writes:
Now I would think that you, and other creationists, would agree that their view of a "kind" would constitute a "clade" as used by cladistics,
I think were all on the same page, so far.
Although crashfrogs posts about defining what a species is (and caffeine's) are duly noted. It doesn't seem like the easiest thing to do.
Admittingly tho, i'm not too familiar with Linnaean taxonomy as compared to Cladistics, (or with Linnaean taxonimy at all) but from what has been talked about concerning Cladistics, it seems a good route to go.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.
Edited by Chuck77, : No reason given.

Replies to this message:
 Message 305 by RAZD, posted 03-01-2012 9:08 AM Chuck77 has not replied
 Message 306 by Taq, posted 03-01-2012 11:22 AM Chuck77 has replied
 Message 307 by Tangle, posted 03-01-2012 11:48 AM Chuck77 has not replied

  
Chuck77
Inactive Member


Message 308 of 331 (655944)
03-15-2012 2:50 AM


I would like to try and keep up here I just don't think it's possible.
I think I should focus on one thing at a time. The thing that jumps out the most is Cladistics and how that works.
If species hasn't really been defined to a tee then it seems there is room to work. Although I would really like to see if it's possible to catagorize "kinds". Inevitably tho, the Human - ape connection is going to come up and that is where the problem lies, I think.
So if someone wants to take the lead here that's fine. There is a lot of reading to do on all of this and maybe we can go as we go here without me reading 150 years of the TOE.
Keep it simple maybe? If possible.
Micro-Macro, species, kinds, and where the line is for the seperations of each species, sub-species whether land or water.

  
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