Martensite is quenched austenite which results in a different crystalline structure of the same composition.
But you notice how they have two different names? The same is true of naturally occurring minerals, e.g. aragonite is orthorhombic calcium carbonate and calcite is trigonal calcium carbonate. So when you name a mineral, you do specify its crystal system and so all its other material properties.
So things like density, hardness, melting point, viscosity when molten, crystal structure, etc are either properties of the individual minerals in the rock, or a consequence of their properties; so once you've said what minerals the rock is made of, you have in fact said nearly everything about it.