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Author Topic:   Fallacies.. a new one?
Annafan
Member (Idle past 4606 days)
Posts: 418
From: Belgium
Joined: 08-08-2005


Message 1 of 28 (244856)
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


Lately I've been interested in reading about the different types of fallacies in reasoning/debating. It's fascinating how many different 'types' have been identified and discussed! And reading about them can be really enlightening (although very hard to consistently recognise them, even in your own argumentation)
Now yesterday, and this might be pure hubris , I seemed to hit upon a worthy candidate-fallacy all by myself. I've checked out some lists of fallacies on the web, and indeed didn't seem to find a 'known' type that fitted quite what I meant.
It has something of "Appeal to novelty" and "Bandwagon fallacy", but isn't quite the same.
This fallacy, from now on known as the "Smartass Fallacy",(C) Annafan September 2005, is defined as follows:
"An appeal to novel, hot-off-the-press and not (yet) generally known/accepted information about a certain subject ,seemingly superior to current 'common knowledge' or wide public consensus about that same subject."
It is something I have often seemed to recognise in my own reasoning (which must be a great indication of my inborn skepticism ;-) ).
Another way to describe it would be "the desire to belong to a group of 'wise pioneers', who will later turn out to have been the first to go against an existing tide of ignorance"
Some examples:
- the changing attitude around nuclear energy: first it was perceived by "the informed" as the great hope for an eternal energy source. Then the hype slowly turned around, focussing almost completely on the environmental risks, so THAT became the "best informed" opinion. Lately, helped by the argument against greenhouse gasses, the "seemingly smartest" position has reverted again to support for nuclear energy.
- taking position in the Global Warming controversy will also be handled similarly by many people. Belief in human influence will soon be considered 'old hat'.
- Linux vs. Windows seems to be a good candidate as well
Regardless of what position would generally be considered the RIGHT one based on objective criteria, I think we could agree that a lot of people will change side at some point MOSTLY because they get satisfaction from the idea that they knew something before the majority of other people got access or understood that information.

Replies to this message:
 Message 2 by gene90, posted 09-19-2005 11:15 AM Annafan has not replied
 Message 3 by Silent H, posted 09-19-2005 11:38 AM Annafan has replied
 Message 4 by coffee_addict, posted 09-19-2005 11:46 AM Annafan has replied
 Message 8 by Modulous, posted 09-19-2005 12:18 PM Annafan has not replied
 Message 10 by Parasomnium, posted 09-19-2005 3:24 PM Annafan has replied
 Message 11 by Brad McFall, posted 09-19-2005 6:24 PM Annafan has not replied
 Message 12 by arachnophilia, posted 09-20-2005 1:13 AM Annafan has replied

  
gene90
Member (Idle past 3850 days)
Posts: 1610
Joined: 12-25-2000


Message 2 of 28 (244867)
09-19-2005 11:15 AM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


quote:
"An appeal to novel, hot-off-the-press and not (yet) generally known/accepted information about a certain subject ,seemingly superior to current 'common knowledge' or wide public consensus about that same subject."
Only if the novelty itself is why it is trumped, of course.
A fallacy I think we should hear more about is the Appeal to Conspiracy. It has a weak and strong manifestation.
For example, the weak:
The only reason scientists believe in evolution is because they all decide what gets published and Creationists get edged out.
Notice there is no solid conspiracy per se, but common behavior that tends to reinforce the status quo.
The strong:
The American government hides all evidence of Flying Saucers from the public, and silences witnesses, this is why there is no proof of their existance.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Annafan, posted 09-19-2005 10:33 AM Annafan has not replied

  
Silent H
Member (Idle past 5847 days)
Posts: 7405
From: satellite of love
Joined: 12-11-2002


Message 3 of 28 (244882)
09-19-2005 11:38 AM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


I'm still not sure what your fallacy is. How about some more clear examples.
the changing attitude around nuclear energy: first it was perceived by "the informed" as the great hope for an eternal energy source. Then the hype slowly turned around, focussing almost completely on the environmental risks, so THAT became the "best informed" opinion. Lately, helped by the argument against greenhouse gasses, the "seemingly smartest" position has reverted again to support for nuclear energy.
This has three different positions. Are you suggesting at each stage the people that jumped the gun were commiting the fallacy, or someone suggesting they know better now in light of all this is commiting the fallacy, or what?

holmes
"...what a fool believes he sees, no wise man has the power to reason away.."(D. Bros)

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Annafan, posted 09-19-2005 10:33 AM Annafan has replied

Replies to this message:
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coffee_addict
Member (Idle past 504 days)
Posts: 3645
From: Indianapolis, IN
Joined: 03-29-2004


Message 4 of 28 (244888)
09-19-2005 11:46 AM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


What you are suggesting is not a fallacy.
Am I committing a smartass fallacy when I say that we DID land on the moon?
The reason logical people take the positions that they do is perhaps because those positions seem more logical????

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Annafan, posted 09-19-2005 10:33 AM Annafan has replied

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Annafan
Member (Idle past 4606 days)
Posts: 418
From: Belgium
Joined: 08-08-2005


Message 5 of 28 (244889)
09-19-2005 11:48 AM
Reply to: Message 3 by Silent H
09-19-2005 11:38 AM


I knew it wouldn't be this simple LOL. While I made up the post, I was a bit dissatisfied with the examples I had been able to come up with, and how I worded them.
I'll think a bit more about it and get back to it since I made all this up far too quickly. For now I'll add one more thing: I got to this proposal for a new fallacy when I thought about the almost JOY you can feel when you have this idea that you "know better" because you read about some novel interpretation or explanation for something. And I immediately recognised that this {joy/pride/feeling of superiority} could easily blind one from real objective criteria to settle the issue.

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Annafan
Member (Idle past 4606 days)
Posts: 418
From: Belgium
Joined: 08-08-2005


Message 6 of 28 (244893)
09-19-2005 11:51 AM
Reply to: Message 4 by coffee_addict
09-19-2005 11:46 AM


GAW,
I was referring to the 'component' that is likely to 'blind' one from objective criteria to take position. The feelings of pride/superiority ('I know better because I'm better informed, bcause I'm sooner on the ball') which are not necessarily depending on the validity or weight of the new information.

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Annafan
Member (Idle past 4606 days)
Posts: 418
From: Belgium
Joined: 08-08-2005


Message 7 of 28 (244901)
09-19-2005 12:01 PM


Another (silly) example:
You don't like spinach but your mother keeps bothering you with the 'common knowledge' that eating spinach is healthy because it contains a lot of 'iron'.
Then you read somewhere that spinach acquired its reputation largely because there was at some point an overproduction of the vegetable, and a smart marketing campaign was set up to get rid of it. (they even made Popeye eat it to brainwash children ;-) )
Next time your mother argues again, you answer her that it is all a myth and that she was manipulated. And you feel a lot smarter and superior because YOU got access to that information that has remained largely hidden for the general public.
It doesn't really matter all that much that MAYBE spinach is still healthy and may contain lots of iron indeed. What matters is the feeling that you know better because you are better informed, that you have inside knowledge. That overshadows any objective investigation (the marketing campaign-claim could be a myth itself, but you're not really interested in investigating that further)

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Modulous
Member
Posts: 7801
From: Manchester, UK
Joined: 05-01-2005


Message 8 of 28 (244904)
09-19-2005 12:18 PM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


A new one
It has something of "Appeal to novelty" and "Bandwagon fallacy", but isn't quite the same.
I think it might be an appeal to novelty with a smartass motivation.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Annafan, posted 09-19-2005 10:33 AM Annafan has not replied

  
coffee_addict
Member (Idle past 504 days)
Posts: 3645
From: Indianapolis, IN
Joined: 03-29-2004


Message 9 of 28 (244941)
09-19-2005 1:57 PM
Reply to: Message 7 by Annafan
09-19-2005 12:01 PM


How you feel or your attitude while approaching the subject has nothing to do with logical fallacies.

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Parasomnium
Member
Posts: 2224
Joined: 07-15-2003


Message 10 of 28 (244961)
09-19-2005 3:24 PM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


Good one!
Nice joke, Annafan. They're all falling for it.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Annafan, posted 09-19-2005 10:33 AM Annafan has replied

Replies to this message:
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Brad McFall
Member (Idle past 5060 days)
Posts: 3428
From: Ithaca,NY, USA
Joined: 12-20-2001


Message 11 of 28 (245005)
09-19-2005 6:24 PM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


I would say it is only a "fallicy" if the imagination continues to push the pioneer and the hangers on into still newer intellectual territory. Circleing the wagons would not count.
When Einstein realized that by thinking about the wonder of magnetic movment and imagined traveling side by side with a light ray he turned his imagination which is said was more important that knowledge into theories that showed physicists did know that gravity was more like inertia than force. How many people were supposed to have had this imagination at the 1919 time? It would be a fallicy if the imagination pushed this individual not only in the knowledge but also into other newer imaginations which were touted to others not imagining NOR knowing thus using the imagination to force the nonknowers to feel inferior. Einstein never really imagined any much more though he gained in knoweledge with every year of his life. He tried to imagine beyond his means but did not really fully succeed again.
If one compared imagination and intelligence instead of knowledge then it would be about people and not understanding. In that case one could switch to the intelligent side without the imagination.
So if you are only being the red queen in your knowledge it is no fallicy to notice you might know something before someone else even if you also imagined it first. But if you use your imagination to spurn the intelligence of another, shame on you and all those who think there is logic in the saying but only show with no tell.

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arachnophilia
Member (Idle past 1371 days)
Posts: 9069
From: god's waiting room
Joined: 05-21-2004


Message 12 of 28 (245075)
09-20-2005 1:13 AM
Reply to: Message 1 by Annafan
09-19-2005 10:33 AM


Another way to describe it would be "the desire to belong to a group of 'wise pioneers', who will later turn out to have been the first to go against an existing tide of ignorance"
so, all of contemporary art then?

אָרַח

This message is a reply to:
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Replies to this message:
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Silent H
Member (Idle past 5847 days)
Posts: 7405
From: satellite of love
Joined: 12-11-2002


Message 13 of 28 (245093)
09-20-2005 5:58 AM


appeal to demographic representation
Not sure if this is a new one. I suspect it isn't but I'll let someone else correct me. In another thread a poster used the argument that you can judge the fairness of a process or entity based on its direct correlation to a demographic representation of the community.
One common usage of this is that if a workplace had fair hiring practices the racial demographic in the workplace would be the same as that seen in the nation.
Another is that govt must be biased because it does not fit the exact same physical demographics of the community it represents.

holmes
"...what a fool believes he sees, no wise man has the power to reason away.."(D. Bros)

Replies to this message:
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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1494 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 14 of 28 (245102)
09-20-2005 7:27 AM
Reply to: Message 13 by Silent H
09-20-2005 5:58 AM


Re: appeal to demographic representation
Since it's me that you're talking about, Holmes, I must ask you not to spread mirepresentations of my positions around in different threads.

This message is a reply to:
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Annafan
Member (Idle past 4606 days)
Posts: 418
From: Belgium
Joined: 08-08-2005


Message 15 of 28 (245106)
09-20-2005 7:51 AM


I'll try to clarify a bit more by an attempt to compare the "Smartass Fallacy" to some others that might resemble it:
Setting is: you are discussing something, or reasoning to yourself about something.
Appeal to Novelty: you try to convince the others (or yourself) about the validity of an opinion by pointing out that it relies on something new or newer. It was invented/discovered after, so it must be superior.
"This computer was made in 2003, therefore it is far superior to that computer made in 2001." (Although computer speed is increasing, one should consider actual specifications rather than mere date-of-construction.)
Bandwagon Fallacy (argumentum ad populum): you try to convince the others (or yourself) about the validity of an opinion by pointing out that many or all people believe or do it.
"One could claim that smoking is a healthy pastime, since millions of people do it. However, knowing the dangers of smoking, we instead say that smoking is not a healthy pastime despite the fact that millions do it."
Smartass Fallacy: you try to convince the others (or yourself) about the validity of an opinion by arguing that you are better informed since you came accross relatively obscure novel knowledge or interpretation, which has not (or not yet) become mainstream. The idea of the relative 'exclusiveness' of that information overshadows its real value or relevance.
(after having an "AHA!-Erlebnis" by reading some editorial that pointed this out)"Hate to burst you enviro-eco-bubble, guys. But I bet you weren't smart enough to considered we would never reach the Kyoto norm if we dropped nuclear fission. The most recent research shows that we'll NEED traditional nuclear energy. Anti-nuclear is old hat, you're living in the past."
"You keep using your bugged Windows that was fed to you and never does exactly what it should do. Since I've been online, I've discovered Linux and it is much more stable, and can be tweaked to perform exactly as you like. (Drawback is I had to become a nerd, but I'll take that ;-) )"
It is not just "Appeal to Novelty", because an essential component is that it should not be widely known. And IF it becomes widely known, one would stop using it for this type of argument.

Replies to this message:
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