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Author Topic:   Philosophy of Ideas
Phat
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Posts: 18248
From: Denver,Colorado USA
Joined: 12-30-2003
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Message 1 of 2 (305176)
04-19-2006 9:03 AM


I have been nosing around in my favorite spots...namely the Dictionary and the Encyclopedia...and have been impressed by some of the philosophical thought concepts that arose during the Enlightenment and sortly before that era.
Seeing as how we at EvC are constantly discussing ideas pertaining to our Faith and Belief, I wanted this thread to focus on the various philosophies of ideas and how they developed.
This is what I studied so far, and anyone can add to the list by introducing another philosophy and how it pertains to the modern thinking which the individual chooses to employ.
Concise Encyclopedia CD writes:
Scholasticism--movement, beginning in the 11th century, that sought to integrate the secular understanding of the ancient world, as exemplified by Aristotle, with the dogma implicit in the revelations of Christianity.
Modern philosophers influenced by Scholasticism include Jacques Maritain and tienne Gilson (1884-1978).
a-priori-In epistemology, knowledge that is independent of all particular experiences, as opposed to a posteriori (or empirical) knowledge, which derives from experience.
The terms have their origins in the medieval Scholastic debate over Aristotelian concepts (see Scholasticism). Immanuel Kant initiated their current usage, pairing the analytic-synthetic distinction with the a priori-a posteriori distinction to define his theory of knowledge.
Pragmatism-Philosophical movement first given systematic expression by Charles Sanders Peirce and William James and later taken up and transformed by John Dewey.
Pragmatists emphasize the practical function of knowledge as an instrument for adapting to reality and controlling it. Pragmatism agrees with empiricism in its emphasis on the priority of experience over a priori reasoning.
Pragmatists interpret ideas as instruments and plans of action rather than as images of reality; more specifically, they are suggestions and anticipations of possible conduct, hypotheses or forecasts of what will result from a given action, or ways of organizing behaviour.
Positivism is closely connected with empiricism, pragmatism, and logical positivism. More narrowly, the term designates the philosophy of Auguste Comte, who held that human thought had passed inevitably through a theological stage into a metaphysical stage and was passing into a positive, or scientific, stage.
Empiricism-Either of two closely related philosophical doctrines, one pertaining to concepts and the other to knowledge.
The first doctrine is that most, if not all, concepts are ultimately derived from experience; the second is that most, if not all, knowledge derives from experience, in the sense that appeals to experience are necessarily involved in its justification. Neither doctrine implies the other.
Several empiricists have allowed that some knowledge is a priori, or independent of experience, but have denied that any concepts are. On the other hand, few if any empiricists have denied the existence of a priori knowledge while maintaining the existence of a priori concepts.
In brief, I wanted this thread to allow for discussions on how we as individuals support and/or avoid some of these philosophical concepts and others like them. Faith and Belief or Coffee House, as anyone sees fit!
This message has been edited by Phat, 04-19-2006 07:06 AM

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Message 2 of 2 (305197)
04-19-2006 9:35 AM


Thread copied to the Philosophy of Ideas thread in the Coffee House forum, this copy of the thread has been closed.

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