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Author Topic:   Small-Foot revisited
RAZD
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Message 1 of 2 (755006)
04-03-2015 10:18 AM


The fossil was found 21 years ago, but the dating was problematic
quote:
Skeleton Dated To 3.67 Million Years Old
Little Foot is a big deal. Not only is this rare and wonderfully preserved skeleton the most complete australopithecine -- a putative evolutionary ancestor of humans-- specimen ever discovered, but it is also one of the oldest hominid skeletons dated so far. However, Little Foot has caused quite a stir among the scientific community, and no one could agree on how old he is. Now, thanks to an advanced dating technique, researchers think that they can finally slap an age on this famous skeleton.
According to their results, Little Foot died 3.67 million years ago, making him an older relative of the equally famous skeleton Lucy. If this date holds up, it could mean that Little Foot is an ancestor of the human lineage, which is exciting. The findings have been published in the journal Nature.
Little Foot, a member of the Australopithecus genus, was unearthed 21 years ago in a cave at Sterkfontein, South Africa. Alongside this nearly complete skeleton, the cave was found to contain one of the biggest collections of Australopithecus fossils in the entire world. In a different section to Little Foot, paleontologists also discovered an assemblage of early stone tools, which are thought to be some of the oldest known from South Africa.
While there is no doubt that the site is millions of years old, the precise age of the specimens has been contentious. Dating techniques produced wildly different ages for Little Foot, ranging between 2 to 4 million years old. Although many agreed with an estimate of 3 million years, scientists were keen to attempt to place a more accurate date on the skeleton using a technique called isochron burial dating.
This method involves measuring the ratios of different forms, or isotopes, of the elements aluminum and beryllium in the rocks surrounding the fossil. The isotopes --aluminium-26 and beryllium-10-- are only created when rocks are exposed to cosmic rays. When the rock goes underground, the atoms begin to decay at a known rate, which is assumed to be constant. By looking at the ratios of these isotopes, scientists can therefore estimate how long a sample has been buried for.
According to their measurements, Little Foot is 3.67 million years old, and the stone tools found in the same cave are 2.18 million years old. That significantly pushes back the previously proposed date for tool-bearing hominids in this part of Africa, the researchers say.
It is also interesting to note that the foot bones of Little Foot fit the impressions left in the volcanic ash at Laetoli.
There is some brief discussion at the end of family tree classifications.
The Nature article says
quote:
Here we use isochron burial dating with cosmogenic aluminium-26 and beryllium-10 to show that the breccia containing StW 573 did not undergo significant reworking, and that it was deposited 3.67 0.16 million years ago, far earlier than the 2.2 million year flowstones found within it10, 11. The skeleton is thus coeval with early Australopithecus afarensis in eastern Africa15, 16. We also date the earliest stone tools at Sterkfontein to 2.18 0.21 million years ago, placing them in the Oldowan at a time similar to that found elsewhere in South Africa at Swartkans17 and Wonderwerk18.
Enjoy
Edited by RAZD, : finish
Edited by RAZD, : add nature

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AdminNosy
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Message 2 of 2 (755032)
04-03-2015 2:46 PM


Thread Copied to Human Origins and Evolution Forum
Thread copied to the Small-Foot revisited thread in the Human Origins and Evolution forum, this copy of the thread has been closed.

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