Peg has asked to have the scientific method explained.
The scientific method is this:
(1) Formulate a hypothesis.
(2) Using logic, derive predictions from that hypothesis.
(3) Compare the predictions against observation.
(4) If reality corresponds with the predictions of the hypothesis, then we are obliged to regard it a proven theory until and unless we find contrary evidence, at which point we would go back to step (1). Otherwise, we must accept it as a solid theory and can then use it to help us understand and interact with the world.
NOTE: Many people would add another step at the start:
(0) Make observations as a basis for the guess made in step (1).
And in fact this is what usually happens, but it is not strictly necessary: we could pull our hypothesis out of a hat or have it revealed to us by an angel, and we would still be following the scientific method if we tested it against observation.
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