What would happen if the ToE were disproven? (A suspense/thriller novel project)

For the ToE to go away, you would need to replace it with another, as the two previous posts say. I would even add that society will demand it to be a naturalistic alternative, although it will not be stated explicitly.Because frankly, if you throw out the ToE but not the fact of evolution, the alternative will be naturalistic. But if you throw out the fact of evolution, with for example a series of fossil discoveries of the sort you are looking for your book, than you are pretty much left with special creation as the only alternative. (Assuming you don't throw out the BBT as well ...)