Hello Aptera and welcome to the Forum
Ok, start at the beginning, I know that the mathematical probability of god is very bad.
Really? How does one calculate the probability of God?
I believe in god, that is my choice, people who believe in evolution chose to do so and I respect that.
I didn't choose to "believe in evolution" any more than I "choose" to believe in gravity, or the first law of thermodynamics. I'm convinced by the overwhelming evidence in favour of these scientific findings.
According to the theory of evolution to the extent of my knowledge, the universe originated from an infinitely small, infinitely dense and infinitely hot piece of matter.
The theory of evolution deals only with the changes that occur in biological populations, it does not approach the topic of how planets or the universe came to be. You're thinking of astrophysics and cosmology, according to these areas of scientific investigation, the universe was indeed much smaller than it was now 13.7 billion years ago, however there is no time at which it was infinitely dense, etc. - the physics we know can't cope with that, so although it's a logical conclusion, Big Bang theory only goes back to about one trillion trillion trillionth of a second
after this hypothetical point. Secondly, the theory does
not require that this be the origin of the universe - although that's how it's often construed.
First, where did this come from? I know a lot of evolutionists do not believe in eternity, but matter cannot be created or destroyed, so where did this come from?
We don't know. It may not have "come from" anything, it may have been spontaneously generated. It may have been formed by a process beyond our universe. They may have been a big crunch, followed by a big bang. The answer is beyond our knowledge.
Matter, by the way, can be both created and destroyed; you're thinking of energy - but that too can be created and destroyed according to Quantum Mechanics and does so constantly at the subatomic level. Regardless, the first law of thermodynamics applies to things
within our universe, attempting to apply it to the universe itself is a logical fallacy.
Next, why/how did this material spontaneously explode?
It didn't "explode", the Big Bang is not an explosion. Thinking of it as an explosion will not help you understand it. As far why there was the expansion - I don't know, I don't think anyone does?
How did round planets form? Normally when something explodes, it is not round.
It wasn't round, they became round later, because trillions upon trillions of little bits of matter accumulated under their own gravity. Spherical objects are physically stable because they minimise the overal gravitational effect, similarly to why water droplets form spheres (here, it is atmospheric pressure and electrostatic attraction that is responsible but the principle is the same).
Rock is denser than the gases in our atmosphere, is it not? So, assuming we have an explosion with sufficient material and conditions to create round planets, wouldn't there be a gas "bubble" near the source of the explosion?
The "explosion" was everywhere. Every point, everywhere in the universe, is where the big bang was.