How do dogs sense earthquakes?
I don't think that the dog sensed any earthquakes. I believe since it was laying on the floor, it felt the seismic shift before the people sitting in chairs acting as a temporary shock absorber.
As for things hurricanes or tornado's I believe that certain animals are able to feel the change in barometric pressure slightly more quickly than humans.
I don't think there is much beyond that.
"Facts are stubborn things; and whatever may be our wishes, our inclinations, or the dictates of our passions, they cannot alter the state of facts and evidence." --John Adams