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Author Topic:   The Evolution Of Sleep
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 9 of 72 (636677)
10-09-2011 12:21 PM
Reply to: Message 1 by Straggler
10-08-2011 5:41 PM


How and why did sleep evolve?
It gets dark anyways, so you might as well just wait for when you can see. Being able to shut down while you're waiting and avoiding unnecessarily spending energy would be beneficial and so would the rebuilding aspects.
Which forms of life require sleep and which don't? What does this tell us about sleep and how it evolved?
Pretty much every animal sleeps in some way, so it’s been important since early on. Fish and reptiles have a more primitive sleep state than birds and mammals. And even invertebrates have a shutdown mode. But I don’t think non-animals sleep. I guess that as you get more complex systems within organisms, the more they need to regulate them.
Is it possible for complex life to evolve that doesn't require sleep?
I doubt it from our current state, but I suppose it would have been possible. Although, the energy input would have to be a lot higher so that might be preventative.
It has just occurred to me what a strange thing sleep is in a evolutionary context. A state of high vulnerability that has evolved. Why? Is there no way round it?
Don’t forget that predator-prey relationships have to form a balance, or the preds will eat all their food, so the vulnerability thing would kind of work itself out.
I have no answers or strong opinions of my own. I am just intrigued as to the purpose, need and hence evolution of sleep.
Well this is all just me speculating.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by Straggler, posted 10-08-2011 5:41 PM Straggler has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 11 by Straggler, posted 10-10-2011 7:59 AM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 12 of 72 (636724)
10-10-2011 10:26 AM
Reply to: Message 11 by Straggler
10-10-2011 7:59 AM


The circadian rhythm does indeed seem to be a feature of most life on Earth. Including plants as well as animals. No doubt it is a contributing factor to the evolution of sleep. But creatures evolved for polar conditions (where "days" and "nights" can last months) and those that dwell in caves, underground or deep within the oceans where day/night is of much less consequence all seem to sleep as well. So it can't be the whole story.
Well, it could be... If the circadian rhythm was already a part of their evolution before they got to the poles/caves.
Perhaps unsurprisingly single celled organisms don't exhibit any signs of anything matching sleep. But nor (apparently) do squids and octopuses. How far do we have to go back to find a common ancestor with them I wonder?
If we're going back that far, I'd prolly bet that sleep evolved independently between Protostomes and Deuterostomes. Protosomes splits into antropods, flat worms, and mollusks (etc) while Dueterostomes splits into urchins, round worms and vertebrates (etc). I think that there's some disparity between the sleep that these two groups exhibit, so that could suggests its unrelated.
Isn't most of the energy humans consume taken up by the brain? And (as I understand it) the brain isn't really less active when we sleep. I might need to check my facts here.
I don't know, but there's also a lot of "rebuilding" that goes on during sleep, which would still count as 'activity' even though its helping. Its still gonna require energy, but you're not doing all that other activity as well. If you didn't sleep, then you'd have to be rebuilding while you're doing your normal activities, and then all that together would require that much more energy.
Also dolphins swim whilst asleep and birds fly!!! (mad!!). So how much energy is really being saved?
Adaptations to sleep that arrise after sleep has already evolved isn't gonna help us much in figuring out how sleep evolved in the beginning. To contrast: How much energy does a brown bear save during its hybernation?
Don’t forget that predator-prey relationships have to form a balance, or the preds will eat all their food, so the vulnerability thing would kind of work itself out.
In the evolutionary arms race wouldn't it be a case (if possible) ever less sleep and improved nocturnal abilities rather than everyone agreeing to take the night off?
That's not really what I was thinking... Preds that took too much advantage of sleeping prey wouldn't have survived, so we'd just be left with the ones that didn't. I see it as more of a balancing act than an arms race.
I am intrigued by the idea of intelligent evolved life that doesn't need to sleep. If it is possible then maybe one day we will meet some alien cousins who will consider our need to spend 30% of our life unconscious thoroughly and bewilderingly inefficient.
With aliens, having their own circadian rhythm, the sky's the limit...
But sleep seems like a good idea to me. Everything degrades and nothing can run forever, it just makes sense to take a break every so often. Would you prefer to never have to sleep but then just have a lifespan that was 30% shorter? Would you sleep more for a longer life?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 11 by Straggler, posted 10-10-2011 7:59 AM Straggler has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 15 by Larni, posted 10-10-2011 11:20 AM New Cat's Eye has not replied
 Message 30 by Straggler, posted 10-11-2011 5:57 AM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 37 of 72 (636812)
10-11-2011 8:57 AM
Reply to: Message 30 by Straggler
10-11-2011 5:57 AM


But that still wouldn't fully explain fish or deep sea dwellers would it?
If they evolved to their places after sleep had already evolved, it could still... but yeah, I doubt the circadian rhythm is the entire explanation. Energy regulation should be a big factor too. But fish do have a more primitive form of sleep.
If that is correct - That sleep has evolved along two independent strands - It adds weight to the notion that it is something that most complex lifeforms will do. So - In the same way we might expect alien lifeforms to possess "eyes" of some sort (because they are bloody useful and have evolved independently in a number of forms) - It seems aliens might well sleep too. Bizzarre.
I'm still not seeing what's so bizarre about it? Seems like a good idea to me...
If we develop Artificial Intelligence would we expect to implement periods of sleep into our inventions? Kinda defrag time?
Well, my computer does have a sleep mode (although nothing really happens during it). Don't most of the droids in Sci-Fi have it too? Is there any reason to think that we wouldn't? Nothing runs forever and everything wears down, so it makes sense to delay the inevitable with a sleep mode.
But isn't that like saying that if Cheetahs got too fast they'd all die out from over-eating?
Wouldn't they?
Whilst it might be logically true the incremental nature of change means that it doesn't happen like that. The Cheetah gets a bit faster and then the antelope does too (or vice versa) and the whole thing is kept in balance through graduality. But the ultimate result is escalation. So why not the same with regard to preying on sleepers?
You said it right there, even with an ultimate result of escalation, the whole thing is kept in blance through graduality. If having a sleep state means having to spend less energy, then that benefit could be the selective pressure away from an arms race to sleeplessness.
Well forever is a long time. But given the ability of organisms to repair themselves I don't see why the limit has to be tens of years rather than much longer. Trees live for centuries. Why, in theory, couldn't brains?
I suppose they could, but then, what kind of energy input is that going to require? How much would you need if you had to do all your repair work while you were running at full speed? Would that be sustainable? So instead of sleeping at night, you just have to be eating the whole time? Would that really be better? Shit, now I got to get another job to pay for all this extra food I need, or I could just shut down instead.
CS writes:
...it just makes sense to take a break every so often. Would you prefer to never have to sleep but then just have a lifespan that was 30% shorter? Would you sleep more for a longer life?
But I'm not sure why those have to be the choices.
Would you want an engine that you never had to turn off but that you had to change the oil in on your way to work? Is your question why the oil doesn't just work longer? Or why there's no perfect engine?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 30 by Straggler, posted 10-11-2011 5:57 AM Straggler has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 38 by Straggler, posted 10-11-2011 9:46 AM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 42 of 72 (636833)
10-11-2011 12:22 PM
Reply to: Message 38 by Straggler
10-11-2011 9:46 AM


It just occurred to me how odd sleep is in an evolutionary context. Apparently I find it more odd than most.
Why do you find it so odd?
Anything besides the pred-prey relationship?
The fact that all complex lifeforms do seem to sleep and that it seems to have evolved at least twice independently (to our knowledge) suggests that there is something rather fundamental about it.
Life evolved on a planet that was dark half the time...
I suppose what I am asking (to put it into geek speak) is why it is that despite all our seeming biological refinements we are more like Windows operating systems than UNIX. Windows needs to rebooted all the blasted time whilst my record for a UNIX box is seven years and counting.
Sounds like the creationist musings on why evolution didn't give us eagle vision...
There's lots of "issues" like that because you only have to evolve to be good enough.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 38 by Straggler, posted 10-11-2011 9:46 AM Straggler has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 43 by Straggler, posted 10-11-2011 1:26 PM New Cat's Eye has seen this message but not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 49 of 72 (636868)
10-11-2011 4:22 PM
Reply to: Message 48 by Straggler
10-11-2011 3:23 PM


The apparent inefficiency of it.
But you're burning those calories for a repairing process, just think how much you'd be burning if you were repairing while you were still active.
I do agree that the total unconsciousness aspect of it is a bit weird.
The lack of rhyme or reason in how much sleep is needed (a giraffe needs less than 2 hours of sleep a day and an elephant about 3 - Why? I would have thought size would make sleep more necessary).
As grazers they have a pretty-much-constant input of energy.
Compared to the carnivores, who only eat so often and therefore need a lot more sleep.
The python is cold blooded so that just adds a whole nuther element...
From Message 48:
But if you mess with people's brains their "minds" appear to change.
And if you mess with the computer screen, then the content of this forum appears to change... but does it?
Surely this is rather conclusive evidence that the brain is a product of the mind.
Heh, I think you meant that the mind is a product of the brain, but I still don't think the evidence is all that conclusive.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 48 by Straggler, posted 10-11-2011 3:23 PM Straggler has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 53 by Larni, posted 10-11-2011 5:09 PM New Cat's Eye has seen this message but not replied
 Message 56 by Straggler, posted 10-12-2011 8:19 AM New Cat's Eye has seen this message but not replied

  
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