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Author Topic:   Evidence that the Great Unconformity did not Form Before the Strata above it
Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1427 of 1939 (756606)
04-23-2015 2:45 PM
Reply to: Message 1415 by edge
04-23-2015 10:09 AM


The examples of sag or drape that are described in the quote are consistent with what I've been saying about this occurring with soft but formed layers but not with sediments depositing in the "fluid" or "loose" condition.
Then where is the evidence that the sagging is tectonic?
It may not be in the case described in your quote, it may be the result of sedimentary processes themselves as is claimed. The important point for me at the moment is just that drape occurs to FORMED BUT SOFT ROCKS, not newly deposited sediments.
But it's all moot anyway. You are still talking about sediments in a sedimentary environment, not rocks in a tectonic environment.
Actually I've consistently had in mind FORMED LAYERS THAT ARE SOFT ENOUGH TO DEFORM AROUND OBJECTS, neither sediments nor rocks. Soft enough to deform, hard enough to maintain their shape as layers. The underlying rocks, however, are all apparently lithified, metamorphosed etc. and, I'm arguing, probably tectonically pushed upward.
Which is the whole point of this exercise: the Great Unconformity formed the base for sedimentation during Tapeats time.
And in many places provided an extraordinarily level platform for the purpose.l..
...OR the GU formed after the Tapeats was already there.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1415 by edge, posted 04-23-2015 10:09 AM edge has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 1432 by edge, posted 04-23-2015 5:29 PM Faith has replied

  
Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1428 of 1939 (756607)
04-23-2015 3:02 PM
Reply to: Message 1418 by edge
04-23-2015 10:19 AM


Re: draped sandstone continued
The fact that it's a FORMED LAYER that had to have sagged AFTER ITS FORMATION. As I've said five billion times already.
But you said they were soft.
I must have said "FORMED AS RECOGNIABLE LAYERS BUT SOFT ENOUGH TO DEFORM" at least 9422 times by now. One time I don't say the whole phrase and you forget that?
But be careful about that idea I "conceded" what you say. All I said was that I don't care and it doesn't interest me whether sediments can deposit on a slope or not, I don't regard that as "draping" or anywhere near the basis for a stack of draped layers.
But if they were deposited on a slope then it is a sedimentary environment. I don't know of any other possibility.
If the gneiss is 'intruded', I presume it would be along faults. Where are those faults? If those layers were 'formed', why weren't the layers above them 'formed' also? They should show some faults extending from the gneiss into the layers.
Maybe you could explain your 'intruded' mechanism a little better.
1. I don't understand your remark about its being a sedimentary environment if they were deposited on a slope. Of course I don't think they were, I'm arguing they were already there when the underlying rocks pushed up into them, already there in a FORMED BUT SOFT ENOUGH CONDITION TO DEFORM or drape around the intruding rock.
2. If faults are a necessity and you don't see any faults I guess I'm stuck with just the impression of the draped sediments as my evidence for the intrusion of the underlying rocks into the Tapeats, and you reject that, so perhaps the argument is at an end for now.
3. bI don't know what you mean by asking why layers above the formed layers weren't formed. I assume they all were formed into layers, which is clearly illustrated in the drawings, don't know how I gave a different impression.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

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 Message 1418 by edge, posted 04-23-2015 10:19 AM edge has replied

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1429 of 1939 (756608)
04-23-2015 3:08 PM
Reply to: Message 1419 by edge
04-23-2015 10:21 AM


Re: draped sandstone continued
The plastic strata in the McKee diagrams was deformed into draping by being pushed up by the underlying rock.
Fine. Show us the mechanism for being 'pushed up'. Show us the faults or shears associated with this tectonic deformation.
ABE: Oh, just to clarify, that would be 'evidence'.
As I say in my previous post to you, if faults are the evidence you need then perhaps the argument is over for now, since my main evidence is the draping of the sandstone layers, and since you reject that as evidence that's that for now. Perhaps some other evidence will show up.
**Back later**
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1436 of 1939 (756621)
04-23-2015 9:03 PM
Reply to: Message 1430 by JonF
04-23-2015 4:47 PM


overhangs or separations, you don't get sloppy contacts at deposition
Those are overhangs, not separations. The layers are resting directly on each other, whether or not you they are neatly or messily stacked
Speaking of cheesy ad hoccism... How you know this is beyond me but I don't feel like fighting it.
It really doesn't make any difference to my point because clearly these are disturbed contacts and represent the overall disturbance to the rock we've been talking about. Layers don't deposit with overhangs, that's evidence of displacement after deposition just as separation would be. Evidence for this disturbance is the nice tight contacts between layers above these. Obviously these lower layers collapsed while formed but soft just as I've argued, whether the deformation produced overhangs or separation at the contacts.
Strata don't just messily deposit, don't make sloppy contacts. Here's the original again. Note the very tight neat contacts between layers above the ones we are discussing.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1438 of 1939 (756624)
04-23-2015 9:47 PM
Reply to: Message 1420 by edge
04-23-2015 10:43 AM


These illustrate draping. Drag folds too.
Drag would suggest shearing. So, where is the evidence for shearing.
Well, there are the drag folds themselves for evidence....
But let's look at the schematics a little closer.
Do you see in image 'g', that gravels are found adjacent to the Archean body? Gravels are usually found close to their source, so could it be that the Archean hill is the source of the gravels?
I would suppose so, and since they appear to be a bit of a distance from the hill and embedded in the sandstone it seems very likely they were sheared off that hill during the intrusion.
Now look at image 'a'. See the dike that is cut off by the unconformity? Do you realize that, according to Steno, that means the dike is older than the unconformity? So, could it be that there was some igneous activity before the Cambrian Tapeats deposition? How does that comport with your scenario of only one igneous event at the end of the geological record. Of is Steno out to lunch on this one?
You know what's odd about that? The fact that there is no lava spill indicated at the "unconformity," i.e. the surface of the hill, such as occurred at the top of the Grand Staircase over the Claron, and in other parts of the Grand Canyon. Here it is illustrated as abruptly cut off.
I'd guess it was all part of the same tectonic event that created the GU everywhere, and that there WAS shearing involved in the push of the underlying rock up into the Tapeats, which displaced the upper part of the dike. In this case I suppose it should be found somewhere in the Tapeats. Just a guess but it IS odd how it's just cut off like that.
I guess you'd say it was eroded away over millions of years before the Tapeats deposited?
Now on to image 'c'. do you see the little squiggly lines in the Archean rocks close to the unconformity? Do you see how they fan away from the high point of the 'hill'? do you think McKee just accidentally drew them that way? To a geologist this pattern indicates downhill 'creep' of layers that were once vertical. We see that in weathering of rocks on a hillside where there is plenty of water and soil development. It was one of Hutton's first observations of the rocks just below the soil of his farm.
I don't discount anything on such a diagram and I wondered what those lines indicate. So they indicate VERTICAL STRATA? Into which water has seeped, deforming the layers on the sides? How about water from the already-deposited but formed and still soft and damp sandstone it intruded up into perchance?
In image 'b', as PaulK has mentioned, there is an assymetric draping of sediments coming off the two Archean high points. Do you know what this means?
I'd suggest perhaps it means an assymetrical entry of the intruding rock myself, causing asymmetrical drag.
Now, my points are that the drawings indicate a surficial environment for deposition of the Tapeats; and also that McKee put enough detail into the diagrams that I would be shocked to find out that he missed a bunch of faults that uplifted each one of these Archean high points.
Seems like you've made a decent case for your view. I still like mine of course and continue to view the draping sandstone as my best evidence, but I also like that embedded gravel for evidence too.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1420 by edge, posted 04-23-2015 10:43 AM edge has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 1440 by edge, posted 04-23-2015 10:42 PM Faith has replied
 Message 1461 by herebedragons, posted 04-24-2015 12:48 PM Faith has replied

  
Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1439 of 1939 (756625)
04-23-2015 9:50 PM
Reply to: Message 1437 by ThinAirDesigns
04-23-2015 9:15 PM


Re: overhangs or separations, you don't get sloppy contacts at deposition
OMG Faith. You do realize that the cut in that picture was jack hammered into swiss cheese and then dynamited into oblivion?
Hold your horses, I'm coming to that eventually.
Hint: Those layers on the left were SOFT when they sagged into that position. The road cut was made in lithified rock.
ABE: Unfortunately I need a break and I suppose there will be another ton of stuff to answer when I get back.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1437 by ThinAirDesigns, posted 04-23-2015 9:15 PM ThinAirDesigns has replied

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 Message 1441 by ThinAirDesigns, posted 04-23-2015 10:53 PM Faith has replied

  
Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1442 of 1939 (756630)
04-24-2015 5:17 AM
Reply to: Message 1440 by edge
04-23-2015 10:42 PM


Well, there are the drag folds themselves for evidence....
Ah, good.
You are using the presence of drag folds as evidence that they are drag folds.
Context, context. You asked for evidence of shearing after saying that drag folds would indicate shearing, so I answered that the drag folds themselves would be the evidence of shearing you asked for.
I would suppose so {that the gravel came from the Archaean hill}, and since they appear to be a bit of a distance from the hill and embedded in the sandstone it seems very likely they were sheared off that hill during the intrusion.
Then you can provide evidence for shearing, right?
Drag folds, drag folds, my dear Watson. In fact if you look closely at that illustration you'll see that the gravel appears to be embedded along the lines of contact between layers of the Tapeats where they form the drag folds. Sort of like they were caught there. Interesting anyway.
You know what's odd about that? The fact that there is no lava spill indicated at the "unconformity," i.e. the surface of the hill, such as occurred at the top of the Grand Staircase over the Claron, and in other parts of the Grand Canyon. Here it is illustrated as abruptly cut off.
Well, if that were the case, the it would show that the dike is younger than the unconformity, right?
But of course I would assume it is younger than the surface of the Archaean hill whether it spilled over or not.
I'd guess it was all part of the same tectonic event that created the GU everywhere, and that there WAS shearing involved in the push of the underlying rock up into the Tapeats, which displaced the upper part of the dike. In this case I suppose it should be found somewhere in the Tapeats. Just a guess but it IS odd how it's just cut off like that.
And, of course, you can do that?
Do what?
I don't discount anything on such a diagram and I wondered what those lines indicate. So they indicate VERTICAL STRATA? Into which water has seeped, deforming the layers on the sides? How about water from the already-deposited but formed and still soft and damp sandstone it intruded up into perchance?
So, you think it happened during sometime while the Tapeats still consisted of soft sediments?
A guess, a guess, consistent with my basic theory that the lower rocks intruded into the upper while the upper were still soft.
I'd suggest perhaps it means an assymetrical entry of the intruding rock myself, causing asymmetrical drag.
And, of course you have some kind of evidence for the kinematics of that intrusion? Can you tell us which direction the older rocks were moving?
Slightly tilted to the left of straight up would be my guess. Just a guess. Evidence would of course be the direction of the drag folds themselves but you would know the direction indicated in this case where I can only guess.
Seems like you've made a decent case for your view. I still like mine of course and continue to view the draping sandstone as my best evidence, but I also like that embedded gravel for evidence too.
What is 'embedded gravel'?
Gravel that came off the Archaean hill and is now in the Tapeats sandstone, as can be seen on the illustration, which I will reproduce here:
And perhaps you can show us your evidence that it was emplaced by shearing?
Drag folds, as per your own information cited above. The same drag folds of the sandstone layers along the contact lines at which the gravel seems to be emplaced.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1440 by edge, posted 04-23-2015 10:42 PM edge has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 1457 by edge, posted 04-24-2015 11:37 AM Faith has replied

  
Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1443 of 1939 (756631)
04-24-2015 5:25 AM
Reply to: Message 1441 by ThinAirDesigns
04-23-2015 10:53 PM


Re: overhangs or separations, you don't get sloppy contacts at deposition
Turns out layers don't deposit with slots in them right where highways need to go either ... so they blast the layers into submission creating your precious overhangs, etc.
I notice you don't offer any evidence for your contention, apparently just another of your rude remarks to no purpose. The evidence looks to me to show what I've said and since you've offered none for your interpretation I think we can ignore it.
The idea that a layer would be displaced into overhangs or separated from others, either one, by a blast, is absurd. That layer was SOFT when it was deformed, the rock was cut when lithified. A blast would have shattered the layer, not formed overhangs. Sheesh.
And my "precious" overhangs are JonF's who was contradicting me. It does help to read in context.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

This message is a reply to:
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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1444 of 1939 (756632)
04-24-2015 6:08 AM
Reply to: Message 1432 by edge
04-23-2015 5:29 PM


It may not be in the case described in your quote, it may be the result of sedimentary processes themselves as is claimed. The important point for me at the moment is just that drape occurs to FORMED BUT SOFT ROCKS, not newly deposited sediments.
That is what we would call soft sediment deformation.
OK. Well, that's pretty much all I've been talking about.
So, basically, no matter how it happened, you have a sedimentary environment with sands being deposited on an irregular surface.
That's a non sequitur. My claim is that the sands were deposited before the irregular surface occurred, intruded etc. When the intrusion occurred, which I'm postulating was the result of tectonic activity, the Tapeats sandstone was already bclearly formed into layers, as shown in the drawings, but soft enough to deform and drape over the intruding rock.
I don't care if it happened on a sloping surface, in cross beds, or as soft sediment deformation - it is sedimentary. Not tectonic.
You seem to think you've given evidence for this but I have no idea what the evidence is that you think you've given. Or even, again, what the point is of insisting on the label as you do.
Actually I've consistently had in mind FORMED LAYERS THAT ARE SOFT ENOUGH TO DEFORM AROUND OBJECTS, neither sediments nor rocks.
Makes no difference: they are soft sediments. They are not rocks until lithified. They are, however, strata.
You should be happy, then, that I call them strata and not rocks until they lithified.
Soft enough to deform, hard enough to maintain their shape as layers. The underlying rocks, however, are all apparently lithified, metamorphosed etc. and, I'm arguing, probably tectonically pushed upward.
But without evidence, yes.
Drag folds, plus evidence from other locations, such as the road cut where it's clear the layers on the left were soft enough to sag into the low place on the left AT THE TIME of the disturbance that deformed the gneiss and some of the sandstone above it.
And in many places provided an extraordinarily level platform for the purpose.l..
...OR the GU formed after the Tapeats was already there.
For which you have not found any evidence, yet.
Road cut order of events is clear evidence that the metamorphosed rock was deformed ALONG WITH the layers above it.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1445 of 1939 (756633)
04-24-2015 6:41 AM
Reply to: Message 1433 by edge
04-23-2015 5:33 PM


Re: draped sandstone continued
1. I don't understand your remark about its being a sedimentary environment if they were deposited on a slope.
If sediments are being deposited, then it is a sedimentary environment.
But I'm still not getting your point. I'm not talking about sediments being deposited, only about formed layers that are still soft enough to deform.
But there is no evidence for intrusion.
Draped sediments, drag folds, timing of events at other locations of the GU.
2. If faults are a necessity and you don't see any faults I guess I'm stuck with just the impression of the draped sediments as my evidence for the intrusion of the underlying rocks into the Tapeats, and you reject that, so perhaps the argument is at an end for now.
To get the amount of relief shown in the McKee diagrams, a fault should be obvious.
That makes sense but perhaps the faults are buried out of sight.
{This is a side issue but I found myself wondering about that high relief, especially in the picture I posted which I think is at the same location as two of McKee's illustrations (I can find it again and reproduce it here), where the Archaean rock soars quite high above the position of the photographer, with the Tapeats above it. That is at Mile 262 of the Colorado River according to McKee's own legend, and I found that the elevation of the river at that point is about 500 feet.. Just thinking how that's a lot of basement rock exposed to such a height. Again,just a side issue, just a pondering, no interpretation at the moment but perhaps someone else will have a thought about it.}
3. bI don't know what you mean by asking why layers above the formed layers weren't formed. I assume they all were formed into layers, which is clearly illustrated in the drawings, don't know how I gave a different impression.
But in this case the deformation does not extend into the overlying rocks. Even in your 'deformed area' the bedding passes through with almost no offset.
Sorry, you totally lost me here.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1446 of 1939 (756634)
04-24-2015 6:52 AM
Reply to: Message 1435 by Admin
04-23-2015 8:35 PM


Re: draped sandstone continued
This is a road cut. Any separation of layers and broken rocks are a result of cutting and/or blasting the rock to make the road cut and of any subsequent weathering due to wind, rain, snow and freeze/thaw cycles.
Nope. The actual evidence I've been discussing does not support that idea. The separation or overhang as JonF says it really is, without offering evidence or reasoning, occurred to SOFT rock that sagged due to its softness, and any blasting or cutting would have been done in lithified rock and shattered it, not separated it.
The larger circled area shows a bush and discolored rock with a more irregular surface, but that's a function of making the road cut. There's nothing to indicate a tectonic disturbance,
Oh yes there is. The irregular surface shows the same disturbance that roughed up the gneiss and caused the layers to sag on the left WHILE THEY WERE OBVIOUSLY SOFT. That area marks the spot where the left side began its sag. NOTHING to do with the road cut that I can see, and since you merely assert it and give no reasoning to support it, your interpretation is worthless.,
...and the smaller circled area shows where the layer itself was broken.
The smaller circled area shows rock that was broken when the road cut was created or maybe by later weathering, and a shadow. Again, nothing to indicate a tectonic disturbance.
Funny it's right where the layer sagged due to softness then. Again you are merely asserting and failing to answer the clear evidence I've given for a disturbance that occurred to the sandstone when it was still soft.
So there's no evidence that tectonic activity changed the tilt of the layers, so the original question remains. What leads you to believe the layers must originally have been horizontal?
It's you who lack the evidence for your interpretation. Mine is quite clear.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1462 of 1939 (756652)
04-24-2015 1:21 PM
Reply to: Message 1449 by herebedragons
04-24-2015 10:12 AM


Re: draped sandstone continued
It's my eyes, macular degeneration, not the monitor. I simply included the bush with the disturbed rocks above it because it's also dark, but the rocks above it are the target, part of the disturbance at the point where the bend to the left occurs. If you can't see how the layers to the left sagged while soft, and the gaping contact lines couldn't have been caused by blasting, there's no further hope for this discussion. It's me against a passel of biased untrustworthy opponents.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1449 by herebedragons, posted 04-24-2015 10:12 AM herebedragons has replied

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1463 of 1939 (756653)
04-24-2015 1:25 PM
Reply to: Message 1455 by ThinAirDesigns
04-24-2015 10:47 AM


Re: draped sandstone continued
Without evidence of a fault, the fact that the layers aren't perfectly horizontal is merely more evidence for the known fact that sediment doesn't deposit perfectly horizontal.
This is all apparently a matter of vision of one sort or another. Not to be able to see the evidence that the layers sagged while soft rather than being deposited in that condition just puts you, and HBD, so beyond reason I might as well save my eyes and get out of this madhouse.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1464 of 1939 (756654)
04-24-2015 1:31 PM
Reply to: Message 1461 by herebedragons
04-24-2015 12:48 PM


Funny, I wouldn't trust you as far as I could throw you -- though I WOULD enjoy throwing you a great distance -- with any of your wouldacoulda speculations about anything whatever.
Edited by Faith, : No reason given.

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Faith 
Suspended Member (Idle past 1466 days)
Posts: 35298
From: Nevada, USA
Joined: 10-06-2001


Message 1466 of 1939 (756656)
04-24-2015 1:51 PM
Reply to: Message 1457 by edge
04-24-2015 11:37 AM


I don't believe your memory is correct here.
You wrote that the sagging strata were drag folds. I then said that, if so, there should be some evidence of shearing. Your response has been, 'well, look at the drag folds!'.
No, it's your memory that's bad. I have never mentioned drag folds in relation to the road cut layers,. There are none there. They are very prominent in the McKee drawings, however, and that is what I was talking about.
But what's the point. When communication has gone this far off the rails it's over.

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