So given enough time, anything can evolve into anything, I guess.
Depends on what you mean by that. Given time anything can evolve to fit pretty much any niche (assuming the right conditions/competition/etc.) but an aquatic filter feeder evolved from a penguin is not going to be a whale.
But would you say that microevolution automatically leads to macroevolution--unless, of course, a life form dies out?
I dislike the terms micro and macro evolution they're too sloppily defined. But yes, I'd say it does. But that's not the same thing as saying it must; which is why proving the occurance of microevolution is not enough to demonstrate the whole theory of evolution.