Is adaptation to an enviroment possible? Lets say you move a group of a hundred people out to an island thats made of broken glass. Assuming they died natural deaths, would their feet harden over the years? In other words, would they adapt to their surroundings and pass that on to their children?
Possible?
If having harder feet meant greater reproductive success, then the population may well tend towards this solution. Your natural death clause would mean they, on average, die the same age. So the only way I can see an evolutionary solution being possible would be if resistance to broken glass wounds increased fecundity in some way (perhaps not tending to wounds allows more leisurely pursuits or perhaps females don't find bloody wounds attractive and prefer woundless mates or something).
Of course we are still ignoring the hundred people factor. Its quite a low number that represents a significant genetic bottleneck - but I have a feeling that you brought the number up arbitrarily and didn't mean for this to be an important point.
Another issue that needs discussing is Lamarckism (an issue discussed by WK). Obviously the 100 people themselves would not pass on their scar tissues/callouses to their offspring. Not unless some bizarre epigenetic effect came to light. There is some evidence that mother's who are starving (ie during a famine), will give birth to smaller kids (smaller kids will fit through smaller maternal bodies easier than big kids)...your environment can affect the offspring.
However, I don't think that would happen with feet scars - especially with such a small population size.
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