quote:
The neanderthals are just celts and germans early in Europe.
That doesn't count.
Patently false nonsense Robert. Please save yourself some humiliation and actually research these topics
BEFOREmaking such ill informed assertions.
Cell. 1997 Jul 11;90(1):19-30. Related Articles, Links
Comment in:
Cell. 1997 Jul 11;90(1):1-3.
Neandertal DNA sequences and the origin of modern humans.
Krings M, Stone A, Schmitz RW, Krainitzki H, Stoneking M, Paabo S.
Zoological Institute, University of Munich, Germany.
DNA was extracted from the Neandertal-type specimen found in 1856 in western Germany. By sequencing clones from short overlapping PCR products, a hitherto unknown mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequence was determined. Multiple controls indicate that this sequence is endogenous to the fossil. Sequence comparisons with human mtDNA sequences, as well as phylogenetic analyses, show that the Neandertal sequence falls outside the variation of modern humans. Furthermore, the age of the common ancestor of the Neandertal and modern human mtDNAs is estimated to be four times greater than that of the common ancestor of human mtDNAs. This suggests that Neandertals went extinct without contributing mtDNA to modern humans.
Nat Genet. 2000 Oct;26(2):144-6. Related Articles, Links
A view of Neandertal genetic diversity.
Krings M, Capelli C, Tschentscher F, Geisert H, Meyer S, von Haeseler A, Grossschmidt K, Possnert G, Paunovic M, Paabo S.
PLoS Biol. 2004 Mar;2(3):E57. Epub 2004 Mar 16. Related Articles, Links
No Evidence of Neandertal mtDNA Contribution to Early Modern Humans.
Serre D, Langaney A, Chech M, Teschler-Nicola M, Paunovic M, Mennecier P, Hofreiter M, Possnert G G, Paabo S.
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
The retrieval of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from four Neandertal fossils from Germany, Russia, and Croatia has demonstrated that these individuals carried closely related mtDNAs that are not found among current humans. However, these results do not definitively resolve the question of a possible Neandertal contribution to the gene pool of modern humans since such a contribution might have been erased by genetic drift or by the continuous influx of modern human DNA into the Neandertal gene pool. A further concern is that if some Neandertals carried mtDNA sequences similar to contemporaneous humans, such sequences may be erroneously regarded as modern contaminations when retrieved from fossils. Here we address these issues by the analysis of 24 Neandertal and 40 early modern human remains. The biomolecular preservation of four Neandertals and of five early modern humans was good enough to suggest the preservation of DNA. All four Neandertals yielded mtDNA sequences similar to those previously determined from Neandertal individuals, whereas none of the five early modern humans contained such mtDNA sequences. In combination with current mtDNA data, this excludes any large genetic contribution by Neandertals to early modern humans, but does not rule out the possibility of a smaller contribution.
There are several more molecular studies and a ton of morphological studies.
Any reasonable person would know about this before claiming that neandertals were German/Celts