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Author Topic:   Hypermacroevolution? Hypermicroevolution
mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 1 of 284 (343464)
08-25-2006 11:49 PM


I've noticed a repeating theme from many ToEers, implying that YECers who believe in a Noah's Ark and Universal flood are necessitating hypermacroevolution, (a rate of evolution beyond that which is claimed by the ToE itself) which is found to be ironic since the same YECers would deny the possibility of macro-evolution in the first place...
I would like to point out that what would actually be required under a flood/ark framework is hypermicroevolution - a distinction which is vital to recognize.
Why is this distinction important? Because the two concepts are diametrically opposed.
Macroevolution suggests increase in complexity..such as the derivation of multicellularity from unicellularity..
Microevolution, on the other hand, simply refers to the diversification of a population due to variation of the genetic material (caused by recombination, genetic drift, chromosomal translocations, possibly (although I have my doubts) mutations)...
While Macroevolution claims the greatest potential for change, microevolution is the necessary mechanism in the case of the flood. Why so? Because if all of the kinds were present on the ark, the amount of variation necessary to result in today's species is relatively little, and well within the observed range of variation for a species, as I will show..
Genetic diversification of a population has been observed and studied extensively through the pratice of artificial selection and breeding. The amount of diversification achieved, for example, in the canis genus or further up the canine family, is remarkable yet similarity of body plan is evident.
The variation seen among the canis lupus familiaris (domestic dog) due to domestic breeding, while not perfectly analagous to the level of variation that would mark the diversification of the flood "kind" to the descendant species today, is nonetheless indicative of both the degree of variation inherent in higher order species (an ancestral or taxonomically higher animal) and the rapidity with which such variation can occur.
I mentioned that the variation seen within the dog species is not perfectly analagous to required flood scenario because the "kinds" that were on the ark, would likely be placed around, if not right at, the family level. Thus the descent from the kinds represents more variation and diversification than that currently seen in domestic breeding programs...
This notwithstanding, studying the effects of artificial selection is useful for the aforementioned applications..
So in sum, diversification (that is the potential diversification) of each Ark "kind" is supported by evidence from breeding - even if current breeding programs have only so far dealt with the species level.
What about timeframe? The diversification caused by artificial selection is seen to occur very rapidly - within the timeframe of a few generations. Certainly, the level of diversification required under the Flood "kind" scenario is greater than that of the species level, and therefore would require greater time. Again, the evidence from breeding suggests that such diversification from the "kind" to the species we see today, is very possible within a 5k - 6k timeframe...

Replies to this message:
 Message 3 by kuresu, posted 08-26-2006 12:30 AM mjfloresta has replied
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 Message 5 by nwr, posted 08-26-2006 12:49 AM mjfloresta has not replied
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 Message 13 by fallacycop, posted 08-26-2006 9:26 AM mjfloresta has replied
 Message 90 by Brad McFall, posted 08-26-2006 6:15 PM mjfloresta has not replied

  
mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 14 of 284 (343582)
08-26-2006 12:18 PM
Reply to: Message 13 by fallacycop
08-26-2006 9:26 AM


Re: Explain
I've got a little time so I'll try to get to all the questions posed in my absence..bear with me please.
mjfloresta writes:
Macroevolution suggests increase in complexity..such as the derivation of multicellularity from unicellularity..
Microevolution, on the other hand, simply refers to the diversification of a population due to variation of the genetic material (caused by recombination, genetic drift, chromosomal translocations, possibly (although I have my doubts) mutations)...
Your distinction between Macroevolution and Microevolution makes no sence to me.
you define Macroevolution as anything capable of increasing complexity.
But then you went ahead and cited recombination, genetic drift, chromosomal translocations, possibly mutations as examples of Microevolution.
Since all these processes seem perfectly capable of leading to increased complexity, it would appear that your definitions are not consistent. Could you please explain?
Recombination, genetic drift, and chromosomal translocations, all simply involve the rearrangement of the existing genome - nothing new is introduced. Mutations may indeed add complexity, but i'm dubious on that point...
The point being that diverisification of a species (by any of the above mechanisms, excepting maybe mutations) is by defintition a sorting of the genetic material - that is a loss not a gain. To clarify, I am refering to the amount of information present in a population, since of course, all individuals of a population possess practically the same level of information, manifested in different alleles.

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 16 of 284 (343586)
08-26-2006 12:32 PM
Reply to: Message 3 by kuresu
08-26-2006 12:30 AM


I use the terms micro and macro evolution to refer to the direction of evolution.
Upward evolution refers to the overall increase of complexity proposed as the mechanism for the descent of all modern organisms from an original unicellular organism.
By downward evolution I mean the generational variation of an existing population's genome (unaffected, if it could be supposed, by additions of information as caused by polyploidy, inserts, ecc)
Upward evolution (macro) may require millions of years of mutations to provide discernible change
Downward evolution (micro) has been evidenced to occur (artificial selection) significantly in a short time period (hundreds of years or less)
Note that I did not definitively define "kind"
I can not say for certain that "kind" correlates to "family". It may be higher or lower, depending on the kind. Fitting kind into current taxonomic classifications may not be possible. Taxonomy is an arbitrary classification, it should be noted.
Placing the "kind" within current taxonomy is not relevant to this post, in any regard. The point is that, wherever the kind fits on the taxonomic scheme, the Ark "kind" would have merely had to undergo a proccess that has been observed to occur today in a short period of time..

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 17 of 284 (343587)
08-26-2006 12:35 PM
Reply to: Message 15 by Wounded King
08-26-2006 12:26 PM


Re: Explain
I am refering to the amount of information present in a population
Do you ever plan to provide a meaningful way of measuring that?
In terms of a population, it would be something like the number of genes common to that species * the number of alleles of each common gene...
Edited by mjfloresta, : edited to include quote

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 19 of 284 (343599)
08-26-2006 1:21 PM
Reply to: Message 18 by ringo
08-26-2006 1:04 PM


I can see a "dog-kind" pair on the ark "microevolving" into all the dog breeds we see today. No problem with that.
The hundreds of years or so was in reference to artificial selection especially refering to dog breeding. It's not a scant timescale - it's an observed one. Descent from the higher level "kind" would logically require more time than the hundreds of years required for the variation seen in the dog breed. No argument there. The point is, timescale aside, tremendous variation is clearly inherent in the dog population - no addition to the gene pool required - just normal recombination, and sorting.

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 20 of 284 (343600)
08-26-2006 1:22 PM
Reply to: Message 18 by ringo
08-26-2006 1:04 PM


Yes, I would propose that the dog, elephant, horse, and cat each had their own "kind".

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Replies to this message:
 Message 21 by ringo, posted 08-26-2006 1:32 PM mjfloresta has replied
 Message 23 by anglagard, posted 08-26-2006 1:49 PM mjfloresta has replied
 Message 51 by Archer Opteryx, posted 08-26-2006 3:27 PM mjfloresta has replied

  
mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 22 of 284 (343610)
08-26-2006 1:43 PM
Reply to: Message 21 by ringo
08-26-2006 1:32 PM


So, how much time?
The whole rationale behind the invention of "hyperevolution" - whether "micro" or "macro" - was to jam the changes into the 4500-odd-year timescale. All you've said is that dog breeds can proliferate on that timescale. You've done nothing to show that the other "kinds" could do the same.
Darwin observed the most minute variation (finch beak sizes) and extrapolated that into the Grand old ToE;
I've proposed a mechanism of variety (microevolution) which is confirmed by observation (breeding, artificial selection). There is a genetic basis for variation of a population. We've observed it in dog breeding and natural speciation events between which the divergent populations no longer choose to breed..
Was Darwin being unscientific when he extrapolated his ToE from the minute (in the grand evolutionary tree sense) variations he observed in the finches?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 21 by ringo, posted 08-26-2006 1:32 PM ringo has replied

Replies to this message:
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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 24 of 284 (343613)
08-26-2006 1:54 PM
Reply to: Message 23 by anglagard
08-26-2006 1:49 PM


Re: Cat Kind
I'm not sure why people are caught up on this "selective breeding" model thing..
I'm not advocating that Noah or anyone else engaged in a massive selective breeding program at all;
What I've said, is that there is a mechanism which would've allowed for the diversification of the kinds into the species we see today. This says nothing about a selective breeding program. The necessary mechanism is there, that's the point. Whether the selection was natural or artificial is irelevant to the point.

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 31 of 284 (343621)
08-26-2006 2:13 PM
Reply to: Message 26 by ringo
08-26-2006 2:02 PM


Yes, we can observe the change from "dog-kind" to poodle or Dalmatian in a few hundred years. That's because the difference between a poodle and a Dalmatian is minute.
minute in what sense? genetically? or morphologically? because if genetically, i've looked but I can't find any studies that compare the two breeds genomes...Morphologically, the two breeds display considerable differences (not to mention temperament and traits), certainly more than Darwin's finches which started it all...
The difference between a lion and a housecat is more significant. We don't see people breeding "cat-kind" into lion, tiger, etc. in a few hundred years, do we?
Nor would you expect to.. It is oft-claimed that Creationists misrepresent ToE by saying that man descended from the ape - when in fact ToE claims that both are descended from a common ancestor - both are "descendants" on the tree of life; Same thing here, under this paradigm, domestic cats and lions are both "tips" of a branch - neither one is ancestral to the other nor would you expect to be able to derive one from the other..
The minuteness of the generation-to-generation changes requires many many generations for many variations (i.e. species) to appear. If you try to jam all the changes into a few generations, you are proposing much larger changes than Darwin ever imagined.
Once again, breeding has shown this to be untrue; variations do in fact appear as the result of extremely few generations - i'd have to consult a dog breeder to tell you how few, but certainly within a short period of time..

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 32 of 284 (343623)
08-26-2006 2:15 PM
Reply to: Message 29 by Faith
08-26-2006 2:08 PM


Re: Cat Kind
The genome is decreased in allelic potentials with each new speciation event. The original cat had enormous potential for the breeding of everything now seen; but today's cats are the end product of the playing out of those potentials, and their potentials, while still apparently large enough to produce new varieties, are greatly reduced from the original.
Exactly

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 37 of 284 (343634)
08-26-2006 2:35 PM
Reply to: Message 34 by ringo
08-26-2006 2:25 PM


Once again, the difference between a lion and a housecat is much greater than the difference between a poodle and a Dalmatian. Therefore, many more generations would be required.
Once again I'm confused as to your sources. How do you know the difference between a lion and housecat is "much greater" than that between a poodle and Dalmatian? Genetics? Morphology? And if you are right, then I grant you that more generations would be required. But we've already established that intra-special variation (such as seen between dog breeds) does not require many generations at all..
Would common ancestor to lion or common ancestor to house-cat (a descent from perhaps the family level to the species level) require more generations? sure., of course..
But the implication is that such variation could occur in as few as hundreds of generations or less...
If I can walk to the corner store, I can walk to New York - but it is thousands of times farther to New York. Of necessity, my steps must be larger or there must be more of them.
You are proposing that I walk to New York in the same time I can walk to the corner store. Either my legs must move impossibly fast or they must take impossibly large steps.
If you're going to use analogies, I request that they accurately represent what I have said.
I said nothing about the "descent from kind to species" requiring the same amount of time as the "descent of dog breeds among the dog species"...That is your claim..On the contrary, I have repeatedly stated that greater variation would logically require more generations...

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Replies to this message:
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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 41 of 284 (343648)
08-26-2006 2:59 PM
Reply to: Message 40 by Faith
08-26-2006 2:56 PM


Re: Cat Kind
That's what I suspect occured as well...

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 Message 40 by Faith, posted 08-26-2006 2:56 PM Faith has replied

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 50 of 284 (343663)
08-26-2006 3:24 PM
Reply to: Message 44 by ringo
08-26-2006 3:03 PM


Well, my first clue was that lions and housecats can't interbreed, lions and tigers produce infertile hybrids, etc.
So breeding is the basis for your classification system? Just Curious...
we've already established that intra-special variation (such as seen between dog breeds) does not require many generations at all..
Which is irrelevant, since lions and housecats and tigers are not just different breeds.
It's not irrelevant; it's establishing a timeframe..
I said nothing about the "descent from kind to species" requiring the same amount of time as the "descent of dog breeds among the dog species"...
You didn't have to say it. It's inherent in your argument.
This one I'm not answering after this since I've been abundantly clear.
I've explicitly stated that greater variation would necessarily require greater lengths of time. There's nothing inherent in my statements that would contradict the clarity of what I've said..
There is only a fixed amount of time available for your scenario - from the time of the flood until the present. Generations do happen at a more-or-less fixed rate for each species. There are only so many generations for your scenario to occur.
Fixed amount of time - check; Generations have more-or-less fixed rate for a given species - I'll give you a guarded check on that one, since as Faith has stated, we have very limited naturalistic data since it's a relatively new phenomenon; There are a specific number of generations for the scenario to occur - check; So what's the problem?

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 52 of 284 (343667)
08-26-2006 3:28 PM
Reply to: Message 48 by anglagard
08-26-2006 3:18 PM


Re: Cat Kind
Current evidence, as in right now. You are the one arguing that so-called hypermicroevolution is normal, so normal in fact there is nothing hyper about it. If normal, then it should be happening right before our very eyes.
It is; I can't believe I have to convince an evolutionist of the actuality of speciation events; both paradigms believe in speciation - ToE traces the common ancestor farther back than Creationism does..

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mjfloresta
Member (Idle past 6021 days)
Posts: 277
From: N.Y.
Joined: 06-08-2006


Message 53 of 284 (343668)
08-26-2006 3:30 PM
Reply to: Message 51 by Archer Opteryx
08-26-2006 3:27 PM


Re: equids
Keeping in mind that I haven't studies every species, genus, and family, on earth, I will answer your questions as soon as I can...

This message is a reply to:
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