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Author Topic:   The Human Genome and Evolution
crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1489 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 76 of 106 (223220)
07-11-2005 7:03 PM
Reply to: Message 75 by GDR
07-11-2005 6:15 PM


Isn't it just as much a matter of faith to say that there is only random selection, with no divine intervention, as it is to say that evolution is guided by a metaphysical intelligence?
I dunno. It seems like the exact opposite of faith to me to say "if there's no evidence for it, it probably didn't happen, but maybe we'll learn something in the future and find out we were wrong."
Where's the faith? That sort of second-guessing hedging-your-bets seems like the exact antipode of faith to me.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 75 by GDR, posted 07-11-2005 6:15 PM GDR has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 77 by GDR, posted 07-11-2005 7:13 PM crashfrog has replied

  
GDR
Member
Posts: 6202
From: Sidney, BC, Canada
Joined: 05-22-2005
Member Rating: 2.1


Message 77 of 106 (223225)
07-11-2005 7:13 PM
Reply to: Message 76 by crashfrog
07-11-2005 7:03 PM


crash writes:
Where's the faith? That sort of second-guessing hedging-your-bets seems like the exact antipode of faith to me.
You always come back to what is basically the old opiate of the masses thing. I would be a Christian with or without the concept of eternal life because I believe that it's the truth. I'm interested in what Christianity means to me in this life.
I love what science has done but there is more to this world than what can be proven scientifically.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 76 by crashfrog, posted 07-11-2005 7:03 PM crashfrog has replied

Replies to this message:
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Ooook!
Member (Idle past 5837 days)
Posts: 340
From: London, UK
Joined: 09-29-2003


Message 78 of 106 (223250)
07-11-2005 8:18 PM
Reply to: Message 69 by Wounded King
07-11-2005 12:38 PM


Re: And 'nother thing......
WK,
Leaving aside the 'time' component, these data could only argue for increases in genomic content if both sides agreed that the starting point was a common ancestor.
Which is exactly why TB wants to look at common descent based on gene number (loss and/or gain) and avoid comparing the sequences of common genes. We could list gene family after gene family that seem to have duplicated over time and TB's response would be something along the lines of "Well that's still consistant with a finite number of created 'kinds'".
It's when you start comparing common sequences that 'Braminology' starts to stall. According to literal interpretation of the Bible, when we compare rRNA, tRNA or mtDNA we should have a set of distinct phylogenic trees. We don't, and I am yet to see TB (or anyone else for that matter) explain that away. I know you are more versed in this area - maybe I'm missing something.

This message is a reply to:
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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 79 of 106 (223274)
07-11-2005 9:47 PM
Reply to: Message 65 by Wounded King
07-11-2005 5:57 AM


Re: Evidence and 'kinds'
WK
Well unless you have secretly sequenced the genomes of all 'fly' species you are making this statement based upon a very small sample, pretty much just Drosophila really.
The point is that every bioinformatician - mainstream or not - would expect to find them in other flies! It's of no interest to find it in other flies (at least as far as our discussion is concerned).
So your fly/mosquito specific genes are really only A. gambiae/D. melanogaster specific, to the best of our knowledge so far.
Sure.
This doesn't neccessarily follow. The 1000 'specific' genes need not be directly related to the gross morphological/ anatomical characteristics preserved in Amber.
Maybe not, but in principle time will tell. I'm sure you're aware that so-called ancient ambaer-bound insects look perfectly modern.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 65 by Wounded King, posted 07-11-2005 5:57 AM Wounded King has replied

Replies to this message:
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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 80 of 106 (223276)
07-11-2005 10:16 PM
Reply to: Message 66 by EZscience
07-11-2005 5:58 AM


Re: Human 'kinds' and others
Then there is no point in arguing for retention of the term or discussing the matter further.
You realise I was referring purely to the primate issue? It has a lot of utility outside of that realm.
So what happened to your precious human ‘kind’ created in God’s image ?
My statmeents on the improtance of regulatory regions and uhnman-specific genes aside I'm simply prepared to concede that humans are not a good example at the genomic level.
But there is plenty of evidence for information *gain* in genomes, like for example in the article I cited back in message 56 of this thread.
I have no problem with horizontal transfer! I'm talking about gai nto the enitre genomoshpere (not simply swappings)!
Plenty of other examples too. If divergence occurs primarily due to loss of information (genes), then why is it that we see organisms becoming more complex over time in the fossil record, rather than less?
I'm sure you're aware that creationist view the fossil record as a Flood and recolonization event.
There is simply no evidence that some hypothetical initial ‘set’ of genomes were created. How, in your slippery view of the world, would we distinguish a ‘created’ genome from one that evolved ?
If the data is consistent with the concept it does not matter if we cannot distinguish it from your scenario. It is unfrotunate, but not a problem per se.
When I asked if you deny branching of the human lineage, you said:
TB writes:
Yes, but it's just a postulate.
You could construe my comment in that way. I would prefer to say it was a postulate that humans were not related to other primates.
Sorry, that’s not good enough. Without some sort of testability, postulates are just pipe dreams.
Like I said, I prepared to concede - for the purposes of this discussion - your point on the human kind. But I'm going to point to the obvious realtive gains of genomic informaiton throuhgout the genomosphere.
Fine. But the basic morphological differences between Neanderthals and modern humans (and other lines of evidence, I suspect) strongly suggest they would have been genetically incompatible.
I can handle that too - although I doubt you could prove it.
But I guess this distinction doesn’t matter to your definition of ‘kind’. Speciation is of no real consequence to your view
Agreed.
of evolution because your imaginary immutable 'kinds' continue their evolution in parallel and can never be traced back to a common ancestor.
. . excpet to the original kinds potentailly.
So I ask you, yet again, once you have separate gene pools what can possibly limit the degree of divergence of one organism from another ?
Time and the alck of demonstration of the reality of the appearance of genuine genomic novelty. Of course, evolutionists have not proven that new gene types really arise. You assume they arose and then make statements of the consequences that has given the evidence.
I'm a structural biologist and bioinformatician. I know precisely what has and what hasn't been demonstrated about the evolution of new gene types. I'm happy to discuss it at that level if you want.
I meant that if the human lineage branched into Neanderthals 'below' the point where it became recognizably 'human' (which it did, despite your insistence in considering them the same ‘kind’), then what prevents the human lineage from being one branch diverging from another lineage (above the level of human ‘kind’)?
The first point is I see nothing about Neandertal that is not human. Secondly, we're kind of on the same sid on this. I'm prepared to say I beleive in macroeovlution and that maybe you could end up with genuinely 'new kinds' from a functional definition. That does not mean that our viewpoint is without use becasue, in principle, we still claim to be able to trace back mammals to, say a 100, original genomes and not further.
But now, from the above quotes, it seems you have conceded (1) you cannot provide a functional definition of how a ‘kind’ is delineated and held immutable and
Not quite. I defined a functional definition at the genomic level. I make no statements about the phenotype.
My personal intuition is that even on the mainstream tiemscale I wouldn't expect to see the arrival of eyes, immune systems and brains. But I can't argue that quantitatively.
you accept that you cannot disprove genetic evolution of humans from primates. So what earthly (scientific) use is your nebulous, biblically-derived concept of 'human kind'?
I prepared to conceede that it has little scientific use for primates precisely becasue mammalian differnees are primarily in regulatory regions.
I think I can rest my entire case at this point.
Fine. But don't build a straw man. Our claims and research concern the origin of all life forms. Not just mankind.
This message has been edited by Tranquility Base, 07-11-2005 10:18 PM

This message is a reply to:
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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 81 of 106 (223279)
07-11-2005 10:23 PM
Reply to: Message 67 by mick
07-11-2005 12:22 PM


Re: Human 'kinds' and others
Mick
here is gene number for a variety of species. Gene number appears to increase rather than decrease with time.
That's we're the paridigm differnece is important. We beleive they all began essentially at the same time. Diversificaiton by gene loss is oemthing we propose for in-kind (de-)evolution.
This is well documented in bacterial genomes and extremeophiles. You ca mfind just about any REDUNDANT sub-system absent in a family of related geneomes. You might view the others as gains but we would view them as losses in the other genomes.
I fully agree that mammals have more genes than flies or bacteria. But we're not claiming common descent to that extent as you know.

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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 82 of 106 (223281)
07-11-2005 10:24 PM
Reply to: Message 69 by Wounded King
07-11-2005 12:38 PM


Re: And 'nother thing......
WK
Yes, that's the poiint I just made too.

This message is a reply to:
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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 83 of 106 (223282)
07-11-2005 10:32 PM
Reply to: Message 70 by mick
07-11-2005 12:39 PM


Re: Human 'kinds' and others
Mick
For this reason one cannot argue that genes are lost over time, while arguing for simultaneous origin. The hypothesis that gene number declines over time necessitates the belief that species arise from one another (otherwise, what does the decline mean?).
But it's easy to lose genes even in a short amount of time. Losing genes is trivial compared to arriving at completely new genes!

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Wounded King
Member
Posts: 4149
From: Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
Joined: 04-09-2003


Message 84 of 106 (223306)
07-12-2005 2:35 AM
Reply to: Message 79 by Tranquility Base
07-11-2005 9:47 PM


Re: Evidence and 'kinds'
The point is that every bioinformatician - mainstream or not - would expect to find them in other flies!
Well that is an issue bioinformaticians will need to work out for themselves. I personally don't see why you should assume you would find them in every other fly, unless you actually know what all of these genes do and that they are vital to specific functions of 'flyness'.
It's of no interest to find it in other flies (at least as far as our discussion is concerned).
Maybe not, but not finding them in other flies or finding only some of them in other flies would be directly relevant to the discussion.
I'm sure you're aware that so-called ancient ambaer-bound insects look perfectly modern.
Meh, phenotypes! These specimens preserved in amber are rarely more than 100 MY old and the lineages of Drosophila and anopheles are estimated to have diverged 250 MYA leaving at least a 100 MY for the mosquito to have evolved a morphological phenotype effectively indistinguishable from a modern mosquito.
TTFN,
WK

This message is a reply to:
 Message 79 by Tranquility Base, posted 07-11-2005 9:47 PM Tranquility Base has replied

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EZscience
Member (Idle past 5176 days)
Posts: 961
From: A wheatfield in Kansas
Joined: 04-14-2005


Message 85 of 106 (223315)
07-12-2005 6:40 AM
Reply to: Message 75 by GDR
07-11-2005 6:15 PM


Re: Human 'kinds' and others
GDR writes:
It seems to me that science can only tell us how we evolved; it cannot tell us whether or not there is any metaphysical intervention or not.
True enough. Science does not address final origins. But it works very well to explain the 'how' without the need to invoke any metaphyscial intervention, so why postulate what isn't needed?
GDR writes:
Isn't it just as much a matter of faith to say that there is only random selection, with no divine intervention, as it is to say that evolution is guided by a metaphysical intelligence?
Sorry, I'm not buying that. That's like saying "You can't proved there *isn't* a God, so its equally likely that there may be one". Science only requires 'faith' in the methods of data collection and analysis which have proven eminently reliable.
GDR writes:
There is no empirical evidence for either conclusion, so our opinions on this are formed from philosophy, or theology, but not science.
Yes. and I am perfectly OK with that, provided that these philosophies and theologies do not try to encroach on the domain of science and color its interpretation to fit a predetermined world view. That is what 'creation science' does.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 75 by GDR, posted 07-11-2005 6:15 PM GDR has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 86 by GDR, posted 07-12-2005 10:49 AM EZscience has replied
 Message 88 by Tranquility Base, posted 07-12-2005 7:22 PM EZscience has replied

  
GDR
Member
Posts: 6202
From: Sidney, BC, Canada
Joined: 05-22-2005
Member Rating: 2.1


Message 86 of 106 (223361)
07-12-2005 10:49 AM
Reply to: Message 85 by EZscience
07-12-2005 6:40 AM


Re: Human 'kinds' and others
EZScience writes:
True enough. Science does not address final origins. But it works very well to explain the 'how' without the need to invoke any metaphyscial intervention, so why postulate what isn't needed?
There are two great questions in life. How did we get here and why are we here. The how we got here is fascinating but the why is central to our whole being.
To go back to the OP though, it was mentioned somewhere in the thread that the tracing back of our DNA will not be able to give evidence for, or against for that matter, macroevolution.
Is it possible in lay terms to say why that is so? It seems to me that if macroevolution occurs incrementally, one mutation at a time, then there would be a DNA trail to follow. If however, there were multiple changes simultaneously then the DNA trail would stop at this point. (In asking this question I'm only trying to apply logic to a subject I know nothing about technically.)
This message has been edited by GDR, 07-12-2005 07:50 AM

This message is a reply to:
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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 87 of 106 (223476)
07-12-2005 7:19 PM
Reply to: Message 84 by Wounded King
07-12-2005 2:35 AM


Re: Evidence and 'kinds'
WK
Maybe not, but not finding them in other flies or finding only some of them in other flies would be directly relevant to the discussion.
Fine. We would interperet them as lost in the flies wihtout them and you would interperet them as gains in the flies that had them. The only reason to assume it either way is ideology.
Meh, phenotypes! These specimens preserved in amber are rarely more than 100 MY old and the lineages of Drosophila and anopheles are estimated to have diverged 250 MYA leaving at least a 100 MY for the mosquito to have evolved a morphological phenotype effectively indistinguishable from a modern mosquito.
Fine.

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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 88 of 106 (223478)
07-12-2005 7:22 PM
Reply to: Message 85 by EZscience
07-12-2005 6:40 AM


Re: Human 'kinds' and others
EZ
True enough. Science does not address final origins. But it works very well to explain the 'how' without the need to invoke any metaphyscial intervention, so why postulate what isn't needed?
Careful EZ. Science has never proven that significant novelties like eyes and immune systems could evolve. You simply assume such evoltuoin is possible becasue of your interpretation of the fossil record. All you have is whole swag of mechanisms for genomic plasticity. That's only a *prerequisite* for evolution of novelty.

This message is a reply to:
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Replies to this message:
 Message 97 by EZscience, posted 07-13-2005 1:31 PM Tranquility Base has replied

  
deerbreh
Member (Idle past 2914 days)
Posts: 882
Joined: 06-22-2005


Message 89 of 106 (223525)
07-12-2005 10:54 PM


Macroevolution?
I object to use of the term "macroevolution" on this thread. This term was invented by creationists. Evolutionary biologists do not differentiate between "macro" and "micro" evolution. It is just evolution. By using a term that is essentially a creationist construct there is a built in creationist bias to the discussion. If creationists wish to debate evolutionists they need to use the accepted terminology and not invent new terminology.

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Tranquility Base
Inactive Member


Message 90 of 106 (223528)
07-12-2005 11:04 PM
Reply to: Message 89 by deerbreh
07-12-2005 10:54 PM


Re: Macroevolution?
deerbreh
I object to use of the term "macroevolution" on this thread. This term was invented by creationists. Evolutionary biologists do not differentiate between "macro" and "micro" evolution. It is just evolution. By using a term that is essentially a creationist construct there is a built in creationist bias to the discussion. If creationists wish to debate evolutionists they need to use the accepted terminology and not invent new terminology.
Really? They are useful - if not perfect terms - in mainstream science.
Here's even a mainstream abstract from Evol. Dev. I have posted before that demonstrates the difference between macroeovlution and microevolution. It's even in the paper's title:
Macroevolution is more than repeated rounds of microevolution.
Erwin DH.
Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. erwin.doug@nmnh.si.edu
Arguments over macroevolution versus microevolution have waxed and waned through most of the twentieth century. Initially, paleontologists and other evolutionary biologists advanced a variety of non-Darwinian evolutionary processes as explanations for patterns found in the fossil record, emphasizing macroevolution as a source of morphologic novelty. Later, paleontologists, from Simpson to Gould, Stanley, and others, accepted the primacy of natural selection but argued that rapid speciation produced a discontinuity between micro- and macroevolution. This second phase emphasizes the sorting of innovations between species. Other discontinuities appear in the persistence of trends (differential success of species within clades), including species sorting, in the differential success between clades and in the origination and establishment of evolutionary novelties. These discontinuities impose a hierarchical structure to evolution and discredit any smooth extrapolation from allelic substitution to large-scale evolutionary patterns. Recent developments in comparative developmental biology suggest a need to reconsider the possibility that some macroevolutionary discontinuites may be associated with the origination of evolutionary innovation. The attractiveness of macroevolution reflects the exhaustive documentation of large-scale patterns which reveal a richness to evolution unexplained by microevolution. If the goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the history of life, rather than simply document experimental analysis of evolution, studies from paleontology, phylogenetics, developmental biology, and other fields demand the deeper view provided by macroevolution.
Macroevolution is more than repeated rounds of microevolution - PubMed
This message has been edited by Tranquility Base, 07-12-2005 11:05 PM

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