I bet you that the jaw is even home to specialized mammalian cheek teeth.
You might lose that one --- platypods have lost most of their teeth (some people will tell you that they're completely edentate, but as far as I can make out they're wrong).
As for the tail, beavers are hardly the only species with a flat tail and such a small change in morphology is not that hard to evolve in separate lineages.
You're right. This is in fact a classic example of
superficial convergent evolution. If you look at the tail of the beaver, it has a standard set of spindly caudal vertebrae and the oar shape is provided by flesh. But if you look at the tail of the platypus, the oar shape is actually skeletal.
(LucyTheApe might like to notice the vast morphological difference between the "bill" of a DBP and the beak of a bird.)
See
here for more information.
Now, back to the topic ...
Edited by Dr Adequate, : No reason given.