Not a geologist either, but it looks like mountain roots of what is left of the Appalachians. That is the folds caused by the crunching of NA and Europe, when was it? 250 Myrs ago or so.
Off the top of my head; there are traces of those mountains across the continent. It seems there were major rivers draining west from them and some sediments are attributed to that.
I suspect that there is a lot more geophysical data than that but haven't a clue.
Sand is pretty easy to move around. Sandstone also erodes fairly quickly.
There is a possible flaw in thinking here. The sediments laid down have become sandstone. That doesn't mean the source of the sand was sandstone or easily eroded. (might be might not be).
We can also see the uplifted parts of the crust in the cores of the mountain ranges.
For one thing if a flat segment of sediment is folded up drastically and then worn down there will be a pretty strong indication of this in the remaining "cores". The two sides of the loop of sediment would remain separated by where the rest of the mountain was.