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Member (Idle past 3861 days) Posts: 390 From: Irvine, CA, United States Joined: |
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Author | Topic: Does the universe have total net energy of zero? | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NoNukes Inactive Member |
designtheorist writes: You have mass X with at rest energy of Y. This mass creates a gravitational field energy of -Y. Now when you convert this mass into positive energy, the gravitational field energy goes to zero. How much positive energy did the mass actually create when converted to energy? I'm not the expert that our resident professors are, but I can state flatly that the above is wrong at the most basic level. The gravitational field energy does not disappear when mass is converted into energy. I can also state that nobody familiar with GR mathematics would make such a mistake. Yet you know better. And if someone is supposed to teach you general relativity while you struggle with algebra. As I understand cavediver's explanation, it seems to me that the question of zero energy is a tiny bit less interesting. At best, if the total energy of the universe is "significantly" greater than zero, quantum fluctuations explanations are a tougher sell. But that kind of salesmanship would not be all that important to the BBT as it really doesn't deal with that issue of T=0 at all. Is that really your point? That the quantum fluctuations explanation cannot be correct? Once you have a number for the net energy of the universe, perhaps we can discuss that.
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Dr Adequate Member (Idle past 313 days) Posts: 16113 Joined: |
But if we can know the total energy is strongly positive - as the evidence seems to indicate ... Please show your working.
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designtheorist Member (Idle past 3861 days) Posts: 390 From: Irvine, CA, United States Joined: |
In this particular case, you seem to think that gravity couples to matter but not to the "energy" that is released when this matter is annihilated. This is incorrect. It is my understanding that massless particles are subject to gravitational attraction from other massive bodies but massive bodies (or massless particles) are not subject to attraction to massless particles. If you believe this is incorrect, please provide a reference or link.
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designtheorist Member (Idle past 3861 days) Posts: 390 From: Irvine, CA, United States Joined: |
Atheists such as Krauss and Hawking have used this particular claim as evidence that a Creator God is not needed at the start of the universe. Did you watch the video of Lawrence Krauss?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfOL_oGgRVk It was given at Atheist Alliance International in 2009.
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designtheorist Member (Idle past 3861 days) Posts: 390 From: Irvine, CA, United States Joined: |
You ask me to show my working so I will restate it.
When the average person looks at the universe, he or she would see only positive energy. But a form of negative energy also exists in the form of gravitational field energy. Gravity is the weakest of the four forces (but acts over large distances). On the local level, gravitational field energy is quite small - for example, the gravitational field energy for the earth is about one billionth the rest energy of the mass of the earth. However, it is claimed that on larger scales the negative energy of gravity can be equal to all of the rest energy in matter - meaning the universe has zero net total energy. Richard Feynmann appears to have been the first to make this estimation back in 1962/63, when it was still thought the universe might end in a Big Crunch. In 1974, Allan Sandage discovered the expansion of the universe was accelerating and then Gunn published a famous paper in Nature in 1975 based on his data titled "An Accelerating Universe." However, the scientific community was not really persuaded until another paper came out in 1998 which showed the same result (and the authors were awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics). The accelerating universe shows another force is at work - an antigravity force - known as dark energy. We now know dark energy accounts for 74% of the energy in the universe. Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) See #6. Dark energy is far more abundant and more forceful than gravity. If gravity was as abundant as dark energy and the rest energy of matter combined (as is claimed by Krauss and others), then the universe would end in a Big Crunch. Since we know the universe is expanding and the expansion is accelerating, we know the universe has net total energy which is strongly positive. Edited by designtheorist, : No reason given.
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designtheorist Member (Idle past 3861 days) Posts: 390 From: Irvine, CA, United States Joined: |
Once you have a number for the net energy of the universe, perhaps we can discuss that. Here is what we know about the universe based on the latest and best cosmology from WMAP. - 74% Dark energy- 22% Dark matter - 4% Atoms Content of the Universe Image Feynmann calculated the force of gravity at about equal to the rest energy of atoms. I'm not certain that is correct, but let's grant it for the sake of this illustration. Since that time we have discovered dark matter and dark energy, both positive energy. Dark matter definitely creates a gravitational field. Let's assume it creates a gravitational field energy equal to itself. Again, I'm skeptical of this but willing to grant it for illustration. But dark energy is different. It is an anti-gravity force. It appears to cancel out gravity and have lots of energy left over. The galaxies are growing further away from each other at an accelerating rate. So we have Atoms (4%) and gravity - cancel out.Dark matter (22%) and gravity - cancel out. Dark energy (74%) and not enough gravity to cancel it out. Of course, this ignores other types of energy in the universe such as thermal energy and kinetic energy of galaxies which shows the net total energy to be even more positive.
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cavediver Member (Idle past 3672 days) Posts: 4129 From: UK Joined:
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It is my understanding that massless particles are subject to gravitational attraction from other massive bodies but massive bodies (or massless particles) are not subject to attraction to massless particles. If you believe this is incorrect, please provide a reference or link. I do not *believe* you to be incorrect - you simply *are* incorrect. You keep asking for references and papers that would back up the most basic understanding of General Relativity and cosmology. Might I suggest you gain this understanding first, and then perhaps you wouldn't look quite so foolish. Go buy a copy of Gravitation by Misner, Thorne, and Wheeler, and get back to us in a couple of years. Edited by cavediver, : No reason given.
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cavediver Member (Idle past 3672 days) Posts: 4129 From: UK Joined:
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I'm saying colliding branes is a theory which will never become accepted because cosmologists of all religious or anti-religious persuasions will never embrace a theory which is purely theological with no observational support. Purely theological? Really? Here is one of the original papers discussing this possibility. To be honest, it doesn't look too much like any of the theological papers I have read. And given that different types of colliding brane ideas give rise to differrences in the very early Universe which in turn lead to different signatures within the CMBR, then your "no observational support" is also wrong. You are really not doing too well in this thread, are you?
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NoNukes Inactive Member |
designtheorist writes: It is my understanding that massless particles are subject to gravitational attraction from other massive bodies but massive bodies (or massless particles) are not subject to attraction to massless particles. If you believe this is incorrect, please provide a reference or link. This isn't a matter of my belief. You are simply wrong. I'll provide a reference. First I'd like to ask you where your "understanding comes from given that you don't have any appreciation of General Relativity. You don't have any basis to have an "understanding" that a physic-savvy person is bound to respect. (With apologies to the infamous Justice Taney). You make stuff up, citing absolutely no references, and then someone else is supposed to disprove your contention with references. Why is it that you don't owe me a reference? Because according to you, designtheorist, alone among all other posters, does not have to establish anything. I, on the other hand, must provide references for such things as F=ma. Because this is basic stuff, I'm going to use Wikipedia for a reference. If you continue to insist on your position, I'll make the attempt to find a physics text on the web. General relativity - Wikipedia
quote: That's right, matter and radiation (among a couple other things) warp space, producing the geodesic that matter must follow. The right hand Einstein's tensor equation, given on the same web page, is a constant (consisting only of fundamental values) times the energy-momentum tensor, said Tensor, as described in the Wikipedia article, includes the following:
quote: For the above proposition, Wikipedia cites Ehlers, Jrgen (1973), "Survey of general relativity theory", in Israel, Werner, Relativity, Astrophysics and Cosmology, D. Reidel, pp. 1—125, ISBN 90-277-0369-8. I did not check the reference. Let me know if these informal references are not enough. Edited by NoNukes, : No reason given. Edited by NoNukes, : No reason given.
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jar Member (Idle past 422 days) Posts: 34026 From: Texas!! Joined:
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And as a Christian I must agree with them.
This is a science thread in a science sub forum and until you can bring a God in for testing, the God is irrelevant. So again, what does either atheism or theism have to do with the topic?Anyone so limited that they can only spell a word one way is severely handicapped!
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NoNukes Inactive Member
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I would suggest that they matter to designtheorist because his threads are thinly veiled attempts at proselytizing in the science forums.
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NoNukes Inactive Member |
Given the corrections to your "understandings" about gravity, perhaps you would want to recalculate this total.
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New Cat's Eye Inactive Member
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Atheists such as Krauss and Hawking have used this particular claim as evidence that a Creator God is not needed at the start of the universe. Ah, so this is the crux of the issue for you. Somebody has an argument against god and it relies on the total net energy to be zero. You want to believe in god, therefore, you can't allow for the total net energy to be zero. All this stuff:
quote: Doesn't really have anything to do with the physics at all, does it? This isn't about physics, this is about you feeling a belief of yours being threatened, and you want to keep that belief, so you're gonna attack it by pretending to talk about physics.
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Modulous Member Posts: 7801 From: Manchester, UK Joined: |
Ok, but there is still energy right? Right. A neutron is made of an up quark which has a charge of +2/3e and two down quarks each with a charge of -1/3e. There is charge, but a neutron has no net charge.
Im just not sure the theme is supposed to be, what the thread means. Zero energy or infinate energy, what means what? The idea is that the energy is comprised of negative and positive energy. The question is, what is the net result of those negatives and positives in the universe at large? Some physicists believe that the net result is zero, just as with the charges in the neutron.
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designtheorist Member (Idle past 3861 days) Posts: 390 From: Irvine, CA, United States Joined: |
Thank you for a helpful post. Anytime someone can point me to new information which can correct and clarify my thinking, I appreciate it. While Wikipedia articles themselves may not be reliable sources, they often provide quality sources.
My limited understanding of physics and cosmology has been gained through informal education and there are bound to be gaps in my knowledge. I am surprised radiation is considered to warp space. I cannot help but wonder (based on my limited understanding) if this view may be controversial at all? Regarding the central claims of this thread, I have provided references. I have not seen anything yet which has overturned the central thesis I put forward in the OP.
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