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Author Topic:   Why is evolution so controversial?
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 547 of 969 (739297)
10-22-2014 2:00 PM
Reply to: Message 545 by zaius137
10-22-2014 1:34 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
So when and how did your bottleneck happen?
If you would have kept reading after where you cut off your quote, you would have seen the following in the wiki page you linked to:
quote:
Additionally they estimated the effective population size of the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees to be ~100,000. This was somewhat surprising since the present day effective population size of humans is estimated to be only ~10,000. If true that means that the human lineage would have experienced an immense decrease of its effective population size (and thus genetic diversity) in its evolution. (see Toba catastrophe theory)
That wiki link goes to:
quote:
The Toba supereruption was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred some time between 69,000 and 77,000 years ago at the site of present-day Lake Toba (Sumatra, Indonesia). It is one of the Earth's largest known eruptions. The Toba catastrophe hypothesis holds that this event caused a global volcanic winter of 6—10 years and possibly a 1,000-year-long cooling episode.
and:
quote:
The Toba eruption has been linked to a genetic bottleneck in human evolution about 50,000 years ago,[29][30] which may have resulted from a severe reduction in the size of the total human population due to the effects of the eruption on the global climate.
According to the genetic bottleneck theory, between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago, human populations sharply decreased to 3,000—10,000 surviving individuals. It is supported by genetic evidence suggesting that today's humans are descended from a very small population of between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs that existed about 70,000 years ago.
That's one theory. There's another that says:
quote:
On the other hand, in 2000, a Molecular Biology and Evolution paper suggested a transplanting model or a 'long bottleneck' to account for the limited genetic variation, rather than a catastrophic environmental change. This would be consistent with suggestions that in sub-Saharan Africa numbers could have dropped at times as low as 2,000, for perhaps as long as 100,000 years, before numbers began to expand again in the Late Stone Age.
You can read the paper on that one here: Population Bottlenecks and Pleistocene Human Evolution | Molecular Biology and Evolution | Oxford Academic
What makes you think that the human effictive population size means that the genome is young and that we can't have common decent?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 545 by zaius137, posted 10-22-2014 1:34 PM zaius137 has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 552 of 969 (739317)
10-22-2014 4:09 PM
Reply to: Message 546 by zaius137
10-22-2014 1:47 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
Instead of being 1.33% divergent from chimps, we are now found to be 5% divergent from chimps. There are simply not enough beneficial mutations to explain a divergence from the chimp.
We didn't evolve from the chimp.
We evolved from a common ancestor with the chimp.
How much of that divergence from chimps is due to our evolution from the common ancestor, and how much of that divergence is due to the chimps evolution from the common ancestor?
Neither of us species hold all of the evolution from the common ancestor. Some of it is ours and some of it is their's.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 546 by zaius137, posted 10-22-2014 1:47 PM zaius137 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 555 by zaius137, posted 10-22-2014 8:16 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 572 of 969 (739361)
10-23-2014 9:59 AM
Reply to: Message 555 by zaius137
10-22-2014 8:16 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
Please read what I said carefully.. I said diverged.
I still don't like it.
If you're talking about humans diverging from chimps, then you are implying that both humans and chimps exist.
But what you are trying to calculate, is how much divergence both chimps and humans have from their common ancestor. Neither chimps nor humans existed at that time.
So did the common ancestor look more like us or like the chimp? I would say neither.
I'd say they'd look like a combination of the two of us. The artistic rendition of Ardi looks good enough to me:

This message is a reply to:
 Message 555 by zaius137, posted 10-22-2014 8:16 PM zaius137 has not replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 581 by NoNukes, posted 10-23-2014 3:46 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 573 of 969 (739363)
10-23-2014 11:03 AM
Reply to: Message 554 by zaius137
10-22-2014 7:58 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
All these bottleneck scenarios involve some kind of low population over extended time frames. That is not really tenable when you take into account the needed mutation rates for divergence between the human and chimp genome.
You're talking about the amount of divergence we see today, right?
The scenarios are, actually, tenable when you take into consideration the exponential population growth that humans have gone though:
A heavy mutation load in a small population tends to cause that population to be susceptible to sudden collapse (or a sustained downward spiral in population).
But not when the population is growing at the rates that humans are.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 554 by zaius137, posted 10-22-2014 7:58 PM zaius137 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 575 by zaius137, posted 10-23-2014 2:06 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 580 of 969 (739405)
10-23-2014 3:45 PM
Reply to: Message 575 by zaius137
10-23-2014 2:06 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
quote:
The scenarios are, actually, tenable when you take into consideration the exponential population growth that humans have gone though:
No surprise, any high school math student knows about the population growth curve.
Then why did you say that it was not tenable?
Fish, fowl, insects All follow that curve. Even humans.
Huh? Humans are a species. Fish, fowl, and insects are not species.
It is impossible for very many animals to follow that same curve or we'd all be walking all over each other.
What are you talking about? Do you have a graph as well?
By the way, why doesn’t that curve start back 200,000 years given the growth constant for humans?
What do you mean? The rate of growth increases over time.
Wow, your graph corresponds to ~4300 years of growth in population Let us see, what event as recorded in the Bible corresponds to ~4300 years ago.
What does the Bible have to do with this topic?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 575 by zaius137, posted 10-23-2014 2:06 PM zaius137 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 583 by zaius137, posted 10-23-2014 4:54 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 582 of 969 (739409)
10-23-2014 4:01 PM
Reply to: Message 581 by NoNukes
10-23-2014 3:46 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
I don't understand why we should favor a guess that chimpanzees actually lost a bunch of human features which is what would have to happen if our common ancestor looked like Ardi.
I figure after we/they left the savanna they ended up adapting to the trees.
That is, our common ancestor was already on the route towards what you'd call modern humans features but then when the chimp-side split off they evolved the more monkey-like adaptations because they ended up in the trees.
But I could be completely wrong.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 581 by NoNukes, posted 10-23-2014 3:46 PM NoNukes has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 607 by NoNukes, posted 10-24-2014 3:26 AM New Cat's Eye has replied
 Message 621 by RAZD, posted 10-24-2014 2:01 PM New Cat's Eye has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 584 of 969 (739419)
10-23-2014 5:18 PM
Reply to: Message 583 by zaius137
10-23-2014 4:54 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
Because humans are not and can not sustain 600 mutations per generation per individual.
That isn't the amount that is needed. Your calculation is wrong.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 583 by zaius137, posted 10-23-2014 4:54 PM zaius137 has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 589 of 969 (739431)
10-23-2014 6:58 PM
Reply to: Message 585 by zaius137
10-23-2014 5:27 PM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
Yes at the time the paper was accepted there was no controversy about mutation rates
What do you mean by controversy, and what is the point of mentioning it?
Look, whatever the rate of mutation was, is what it was. It doesn't really matter what evidence we had a particular time, nor how confident we are in the changes to our understanding that we've uncovered.
Regardless, you're going to want to use the most appropriate figure possible.
I can do the math.
Yes, but you're using the wrong value for one of the variables. You've misunderstood what the variabe represents and have used the wrong data for it.
I really need a quote (in the literature) from you to back up your point.
Nah, that's setting the bar too high.
Just think about it, which is more likely:
  • You've uncovered a calculation that proves that decades of accepted science has been completely wrong
  • You made a mistake in your calculation
So?
It has already been found that the necessary point mutations to reconcile a chimp human split at 5.6 million years is deficient by about half the needed mutations, since this paper was written.
Calculated: 175 mutations per generation.
Found empirically: 70 mutations.
Obviously that calculation is way off.
Why do you think that is?
If its because you think that humans and chimps didn't evolve from a common ancestor, then from a scientific perspective: how the heck else did they get here?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 585 by zaius137, posted 10-23-2014 5:27 PM zaius137 has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 608 of 969 (739466)
10-24-2014 9:37 AM
Reply to: Message 607 by NoNukes
10-24-2014 3:26 AM


Re: What if God used evolution to create man?
Yeah, I think the split was probably back a lot further than I was thinking.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 607 by NoNukes, posted 10-24-2014 3:26 AM NoNukes has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


(2)
Message 700 of 969 (739744)
10-27-2014 1:59 PM
Reply to: Message 699 by zaius137
10-27-2014 1:49 PM


Re: Recent origins
And I can make better posts than yours when writing drunk.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 699 by zaius137, posted 10-27-2014 1:49 PM zaius137 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 701 by zaius137, posted 10-27-2014 2:36 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 703 of 969 (739749)
10-27-2014 2:39 PM
Reply to: Message 701 by zaius137
10-27-2014 2:36 PM


What's it like to be such a moron?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 701 by zaius137, posted 10-27-2014 2:36 PM zaius137 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 705 by zaius137, posted 10-27-2014 2:53 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 706 of 969 (739752)
10-27-2014 3:05 PM
Reply to: Message 705 by zaius137
10-27-2014 2:53 PM


First question I ask myself when going to bed at night At least for now my question excludes idiot.
You should probably start including that, because the bahavior you've exhibited on this thread perfectly matches that of an idiot.
In case that question ever pops up at night, How do you answer?
I don't, because I'm not a moron. That's why I asked you: you seem to have the necessary experience.
But if you ever want to get back to the topic of this thread, I have 3 unanswered posts to you that you could start on:
Message 547
Message 572
Message 589

This message is a reply to:
 Message 705 by zaius137, posted 10-27-2014 2:53 PM zaius137 has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


(2)
Message 712 of 969 (739761)
10-27-2014 4:26 PM
Reply to: Message 711 by sfs
10-27-2014 4:16 PM


Re: Recent origins
I haven't been following this thread, and trying to go back and read it just gave me a headache. Is he making some kind of coherent point about linkage disequilibrium?
No, he is not.
What is clear is that he doesn't like evolution and he is willing to lie and cheat to try to make his points.
He doesn't understand the equations he's using, nor the variables that are within them.
He's desperately grasping at any straw he can to try to make some kind of point that humans did not evolve from primitive apes over the course of millions of years.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 711 by sfs, posted 10-27-2014 4:16 PM sfs has not replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 714 by zaius137, posted 10-27-2014 5:30 PM New Cat's Eye has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


Message 738 of 969 (739862)
10-28-2014 2:41 PM
Reply to: Message 737 by zaius137
10-28-2014 2:02 PM


Re: Any real comment?
The findings are correct by Hawks and there is an apparent acceleration in recent evolution of humans, about 100 times faster than in the past.
Our population has exploded in the recent past. Here's that plot again:
With so many more people, there's that much more mutation going on, and that makes it look like evolution is happening faster - from a genomic perspective.
Your claim that the paper was mistaken in its conclusion based on method. Here is a citation about recent selective sweeps not being relavent in recent human history (~250,000 years).
Selective sweeps are going to be more prominent in a smaller population. So since our population has increased so rapidly recently, then it makes sense that selective sweeps are going to become negligible.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 737 by zaius137, posted 10-28-2014 2:02 PM zaius137 has not replied

  
New Cat's Eye
Inactive Member


(1)
Message 760 of 969 (739931)
10-29-2014 12:59 PM
Reply to: Message 758 by zaius137
10-29-2014 12:08 PM


Re: A fine point on the argument.
the first thing that goes is methodology
How much time have you spent in a lab performing experiments?
When I get results that contradict expectation, the first thing I think is: "I must have done something wrong."
Why should I think otherwise?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 758 by zaius137, posted 10-29-2014 12:08 PM zaius137 has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 762 by zaius137, posted 10-29-2014 9:56 PM New Cat's Eye has replied

  
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