The reason why all of these fall into Understanding is that such theories are conditional.
What does "conditional" mean here?
You seem to use "absolute" here to mean "all encompassing". Why do you use the word "absolute" there? What exactly does it mean?
Reason takes the concepts and ideas we have formed from understanding and points them to a big idea, which is absolute, unconditional, and independent of experience.
What is this "big idea" thing. In what way are any of the examples you have given "independent of experience". It is exactly the tie back to "experience" (that is observation) that we need to check out any cockamammy theories that someone may dream up.
What, again, does "absolute" mean here and what does "unconditional" mean?
String theory is an "absolute truth"?? It is simply an attempt at a model of the behavior of matter and energy that is attempting to have a wider scope of application than has gone before. Whether it leaves unanswered questions or not isn't at all clean yet since it certainly isn't finished.
Reason allows us to think about absolutes, but it doesn't grant us knowledge about these absolutes. Likewise, we can learn String Theory, but we'll never understand exactly why strings conform to this theory, and why they couldn't just be governed by a different set of laws. We can never see an actual string, either, since even the particles that our eyes process to produce an image are made of strings. We don't know why strings act how they do, and we can never prove their existence by traditional methods. We can only learn that they exist through Reason.
You seem to be making some distinction between things that we observe with our eyes and things that we observe by other means. That has been a meaningless distinction for a long time. There are many things which are not observable with our eyes. But the models which include them are not weaker in anyway. E.g., we can't "see" electrons either.
We will not have a good theory if we can only reason it out. Relativity was very interesting when it was "reasoned" out but it was only when it's effects were observable that it became a really big deal. That will have to be the same with string theory.
We don't yet know what any new theory, (string, M or whatever) will leave as unanswered questions. If it does or doesn't doesn't seem to me to make a difference to it's usefullness. So far there are unanswered questions left by quantum mechanics and relativity they were still pretty darn useful.
String Theory IS moral law. String Theory is the theory of everything, so everything is governed by String Theory. Any action is moral because ultimately every particle involved in any action behaves according to the laws of String Theory
IIRC, this has been brought up before.
If string theory has something to say about morality then why doesn't QED or quantum mechanics since everything behaves according to those laws? This is rather a large leap and I don't see how you made it.