Would there have been a Roman empire? What shapes would the differing nations be, what forms of government would have arisen, would there have been more wars less wars.
Regardless there would still be a calendar, one of about the same length and likely divided into something around 30 days.
My guess is that until consolidation there would be many calendars based on some unique cultural date for each. Once the consolidated calendar came about they would have to fix some standard date as day 1. To not offend anyone the most likely compromise would be an arbitraty date.
The other major possibility is a calendar that is impossed by some conquering nation.
Aslan is not a Tame Lion