And how the sediments lithified afterwards.
And how some of it is heat treated and some is not.
Rox said that some of the bottom layers were transformed by heat and pressure:
Message 19What metamorphism also does, because of increased heat and/or pressure, is cause recrystallization and secondary mineral growth. Subjecting slate to higher temps and pressures can result in a schist.
So with increased temperature and/or pressure, you will get new [secondary] minerals forming from the destruction of the primary minerals due to mineral instability. The new minerals form because they are stable within the new pressure/temperature regime and the original ones were not (because they were formed and stable under other temp/pressure conditions).
Enjoy.
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