So, it is quite an obvious conclusion, a literalist is a literalist because their faith is weak, their primary object of worship is the Bible and not Jesus Christ.
Brian,
I think you have some good insights. Faith is such a complex and broad term that I'm not sure without individual contexts what it means.
I think there may be varieties of literalists having to do with differing brain functions. Some may just be people who take almost everything literally and in the extreme case this may be a brain disfunction. Others may be literalists because their levels of anxiety lead them to avoid any ambiguity. Others are literalists because they have high needs to belong to a group that offers a reassuring authority. This need may be related to the anxiety level. There may be other reasons for it I'm not sure. Certainly literalists have a need to depend on an authority and to have life laid out and defined. They seem to need closure on almost all issues and avoid experiencing openess or unresolved questions without reassurance by an authority. All these things may be seen as a lack of faith if faith is being defined as the ability to maintain confidence i.e. low anxiety in open situations.
The psychological and social phenomena of religious belief and religion is so complex. And for me the mind of a literalist or fundamentalist is so depressing that I find it hard to get enthusiasm up to study the phenomena though I do think such study is important given the impact on social policy, wars, etc.
To sum up I'm saying, "because their faith is weak." is an interesting finding but I dont' find it that useful or helpful as an explanation, more as just an interesting observation as I try to understand the dynamics of religious literalism and fundamentalism.
lfen