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Author Topic:   Is convergent evolution evidence against common descent?
crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 3 of 311 (214146)
06-04-2005 10:36 AM
Reply to: Message 1 by randman
06-04-2005 3:30 AM


Convergent evolution, of course, is the view that some data suggests that traits and similarities, including behaviour of species, can develop independently of each other, and not from both inheriting those traits from a common ancestor.
To my mind, this is strong evidence against common descent because it shows similarities, including morphology, traits, behaviour, etc,...can develop not from mutual common descent, but independently.
What leads us to conclude that convergent evolution is responsible for some similarities and common ancestry is responsible for others is a kind of "inside-outside" problem.
In situations of convergence we find that, while the exterior function and purpose of some system may be the same as another, when you look below the surface, you find two totally different ways of doing the same thing. This would be like finding two cars of identical function and discovering that one was electric and the other gasoline.
That's not what it looks like when organisms share ancestry; the insides match, not just the outsides. In the case of human-chimp similarity, the similarity extends to stretches of DNA that have nothing to do with morphology and therefore, cannot be explained by convergent evolution. Common ancestry is the only scientific explanation for these similarities.
If that occured, would we not come to the wrong conclusion starting out with the assumption that these traits preexisted in a common ancestor when in reality, they did not.
First off, Chevy and Ford SUV's do share a common ancestor: the Jeep. Now, if we wanted to ascertain which features of these two SUV's were a result of their common ancestry (wide wheelbase, powerful engine, high driver position) and which were the result of convergent evolution (Chevy sound systems vs. Ford sound systems) we would need to examine both their exterior function and their interior structure.
Convergence isn't inconsistent with common ancestry. When you get right down to it it really isn't that hard to tell the difference between them.
edit: AdminTL added a "not" to the were in the comment about sound systems
edit: Crashfrog rewrote the phrase in question to what he originally meant to say. Thanks to AdminTL.
This message has been edited by AdminTL, 06-04-2005 11:37 AM
This message has been edited by crashfrog, 06-04-2005 01:08 PM

This message is a reply to:
 Message 1 by randman, posted 06-04-2005 3:30 AM randman has replied

Replies to this message:
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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 12 of 311 (214264)
06-04-2005 7:04 PM
Reply to: Message 7 by randman
06-04-2005 5:57 PM


It still seems to me that the general principle is that we are accepting the possibility of evolution producing similar traits, function, etc,...without a common ancestor passing those traits on.
What we're not accepting the possibility of is of convergence resulting in similar non-expressed, non-functional pseudogenetic sequences, because these sequences are not exposed to selection by environment. These are the sequences that we use to infer common ancestry, since because they have no function, they cannot be a result of convergent evolution.
It's possible that we are assuming common descent as an explanation when other commonalities can explain shared traits and similarity, right?
Not in regards to the sequences we're using to infer ancestry. They do not interact with the environment, thus, they cannot be a result of evolutionary convergence.

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 Message 7 by randman, posted 06-04-2005 5:57 PM randman has replied

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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 30 of 311 (214306)
06-04-2005 8:39 PM
Reply to: Message 21 by randman
06-04-2005 7:57 PM


Actually, we haven't really gotten into the genetics on this thread yet.
So what? Now we're into it.
Moreover, the inference of common ancestry came decades prior to the development of genetic research.
So what? Now we have the genetic evidence.
Not trying to dodge the point, and do want to hear comparisions between say individual marsupial species and their counterparts that are placental mammals, and consider that evidence.
Why don't you start by looking up "wolf" and "Tazmanian wolf."

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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 106 of 311 (214797)
06-06-2005 6:10 PM
Reply to: Message 104 by randman
06-06-2005 5:44 PM


Re: An early hint of things to come?
A mouse should be more closely related to a person genetically than a kangaroo, but I am not sure that's the case there.
Huh? The table lists number of differences; lower numbers means more genetic similarity. The mouse is, indeed, more closely related to Homo sapiens than the kangaroo.

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Replies to this message:
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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 116 of 311 (214851)
06-06-2005 8:43 PM
Reply to: Message 107 by randman
06-06-2005 6:31 PM


How is that crash since the benchmark are humans.
A mouse has 27 differences, and a kangaroo has 38 differences.
Correct. The mouse is more similar to a human than the kangaroo is.
What part of that did you have trouble understanding?
So the mouse seems more closely related the kangaroo than to people since 38 - 27 = 11, and 11 is lower than 27.
We don't know that to be the case because the number of differences between the mouse and the kangaroo is not mentioned. For instance, consider that the distance from St. Louis to New York is 957 miles, and the difference from St. Louis to Salt Lake City is 1320 miles. Now, the difference between 1320 and 957 is 363 miles, which is less than 957, but only someone who had never seen a map would argue that New York is closer to Salt Lake City than to St. Louis.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 107 by randman, posted 06-06-2005 6:31 PM randman has replied

Replies to this message:
 Message 117 by NosyNed, posted 06-06-2005 9:05 PM crashfrog has replied
 Message 122 by randman, posted 06-07-2005 2:07 AM crashfrog has replied

crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 118 of 311 (214859)
06-06-2005 9:10 PM
Reply to: Message 117 by NosyNed
06-06-2005 9:05 PM


Re: Is that analogy ok?
The distance from NYC to Miami is about 1800 miles, the distance from NY to Salt Lake is about 3200 miles. Does that mean that the distance from Salt Lake to Miami is 1400 miles?
Isn't that exactly what I just said?

This message is a reply to:
 Message 117 by NosyNed, posted 06-06-2005 9:05 PM NosyNed has replied

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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 137 of 311 (214929)
06-07-2005 7:52 AM
Reply to: Message 122 by randman
06-07-2005 2:07 AM


Oh, naturally. And Salt Lake City really is only 300 miles from New York.
Can we get real, now?
This message has been edited by crashfrog, 06-07-2005 07:52 AM

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crashfrog
Member (Idle past 1497 days)
Posts: 19762
From: Silver Spring, MD
Joined: 03-20-2003


Message 172 of 311 (215127)
06-07-2005 6:52 PM
Reply to: Message 165 by randman
06-07-2005 6:22 PM


You say "all you have to do", but you have been educated to know how to do that.
He's asking you to cut and paste into websites. Did you even try? Can we really conclude that you're truly engaged in this debate and not simply taking potshots at a theory that you don't understand? Apparently not.
I thought the genome consisted entirely of amino-acids.
The genome consists of nucleotide sequences, not amino acids, which are the components from which proteins are made.

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