My pick of the species:
Homo sapiens.
Test 1: If evolution is true, then the human fossil record should show cumulative changes in some traits, in good correlation with the order of fossil ages.
Result 1: The human (hominid) fossil record which spans from 7 million years ago (MYA) showed some general trends:
Increase in brain volume
Increase in height & body weight
Decrease in prognathism
Test 2: If evolution is true, and modern humans are derived from other species, then
Homo sapiens fossils should not be found in older strata than those species assumed to be its ancestors (after considering accidents of preservation and the possibility of ancestor coexisting with descendants).
Result 2: No
Homo sapiens fossils are found in rocks dated 2 MYA; instead we find australopithecus fossils. No human fossils of any species (Homo, Australopithecus) are found in 65MYA (Cretaceous) rocks; instead we find shrewlike mammals. No human (or mammal) fossils are found in Devonian rocks; instead we find Acanthostega, Ichtyostega, and other stem-tetrapods.
That's two predictions based on paleontology, and both are confirmed in accordance with evolution by the available facts. Scientific enough for you?
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