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Author Topic:   The Origin of Novelty
mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 563 of 871 (692031)
02-27-2013 12:32 PM
Reply to: Message 561 by Taq
02-27-2013 12:21 PM


They are laid out in CHRONOLOGICAL order
You would be surprised how few have chronological dates attached to the fossils. I would like to see one of these dated sequences. Even so, it doesn't mean much. To lay them out is no proof, its just a mental projection based on assumptions.

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 Message 561 by Taq, posted 02-27-2013 12:21 PM Taq has replied

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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 568 of 871 (692073)
02-27-2013 4:34 PM
Reply to: Message 515 by Blue Jay
02-25-2013 12:55 PM


The fact that evolution is a longer and more complicated process isn't really relevant here. What's relevant is the proportion of that process that is explained by known, demonstrated mechanisms, and the proportion that is explained by "subjective, unproven, faith-based" mechanisms.
I'll try to approach this from another angle. Let's eliminate Abiogenesis altogether (ToE doesn't technically need it anyway). Let's say that both of our hypotheses have to incorporate a "subjective, unproven, faith-based" Intelligent Design mechanism to explain Origins. Since ToE is not obligatorily linked with Abiogenesis, it is fully compatible with this.
So, our hypotheses would look like this:
Mine: One life form was created, and all others evolved from it.
Yours: Many life forms were created, and all others evolved from them.
My hypothesis is more parsimonious, because we both have the same "subjective, unproven, faith-based" Intelligent Design mechanism, but mine makes much less extensive use of it to explain the evidence.
Just the fact that if there is a God, both a single creation and a multiple creation are just as easy and simple and just as unproven, makes the two views now equally parsimonious (except for the novel additional coding gene issue which gives barminology the edge on parsimony. Anyway I think you are placing too much weight on parsimony.
Actually, you're both right and wrong here. Bats are actually more efficient flyers than birds, by some metrics, and you've got the mechanism reversed: birds tend to have higher wing loading, which means they are proportionally heavier for their wing area. But, this might support your claim that bats can better bear the extra weight of a placenta.
But, it's not universal:
Swifts, swallows and nightjars have wing loading values comparable to bats', and can match them in maneuverability and efficiency; so, wing-loading isn't limiting for birds.
Birds frequently migrate long distances, whereas few bats do; so efficiency and exhaustion aren't the limiting factor for birds.
And, finally, many birds can lift weights several times larger than their eggs with no apparently difficulty (think of an eagle carrying a trout), so weight-bearing capacity also isn't limiting in birds.
So, it isn't clear that flight performance is particularly closely linked to reproductive mode. The only link seems to be that bats take characteristics wholesale from "mammal-like" baramins, and birds take characteristics wholesale from "bird-like" baramins.
Sorry, yes I seem to have some of the details wrong. Well I'm not claiming to know a lot about this field, I'm sure that given enough time, one of us could think up some reasons why birds have only bird features, and bats have only mammalian features.
I personally believe God made varieties in categories, and yet also made crossover types that could fill gaps when originals left gaps behind. ie if birds became extinct, bats could fill those ecological gaps well, as could dolphins/seals in the sea if sharks etc became extinct. So you had reptile/fish/mammal/bird flyers, reptile/mammal/bird/fish swimmers, reptile/mammal/bird/fish walkers, but generally they each had their own more dominant domain, with the ability to fill the other domains if necessary.
Please read the paper again: this is not what it says. It compares genes that are commonly found in animals. Some of these are lacking in fruit flies and nematode worms. Also, the sequences of specific genes tended to be closer in corals and humans than in corals and flies/worms. This doesn't say anything, except that some animals' gene sequences differ from one another more than others do.
If that is all it says, why has it been used as an argument against creationism?
You seem determined to deny yourself ways to distinguish our two theories based on the evidence. That is, you are good at coming up with reasons for why we don't see evidence that seems like a perfectly reasonable prediction of Intelligent Design.
I already showed you two examples of vehicle parts that are used on multiple different types of vehicle: the machine gun and the Merlin engine. And here are some RC model hobbyists discussing how to use model-airplane ducted-fan engines in underwater vehicles.
I don't see any reason why this would be uncommon in biological designs
Your argument here is a strawman argument, but I'm sure it wont stop you , because we have both stated our cases, and yet are continuing this discussion. Its time to agree to disagree on this point of yours, it really is a strawman. An intelligent designer would make intelligent designs, where mix and match works you would see it, but there's no guarantee it would be common. You keep using your examples, but how much overlap is there between a military aircraft and a jetski? So what you are looking for as an evolutionist is the same as what I am looking for in baraminology, DNA matches well between similar organisms, and yet between diverse organisms there are only sometimes sequence matches.

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 Message 515 by Blue Jay, posted 02-25-2013 12:55 PM Blue Jay has replied

Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 569 of 871 (692074)
02-27-2013 4:51 PM
Reply to: Message 518 by Dr Adequate
02-25-2013 3:20 PM


But your choice of that date is not based on science but on your personal preferences.
I will admit that is true. From a scientific point of view it could be seen as arbitrary.
Suppose you have a religion that says that people are no taller than six feet. You measure them with a yardstick. You are happy with measurements showing them to be anything up to six feet tall. When you measure them as being taller than that, you throw away the yardstick and curse it as useless.
Now, could we have a little consistency here? If the yardstick is to be deemed worthless when it tells you that someone is six foot two, then why should you take it as reliable when it tells you that they're five foot nine?
I'm not understanding your point? My problem is the yardstick is not tested, it would be refreshing if someone takes creationism seriously enough to test it properly.
I hardly know what to say to you when you boast about how one day you will present a rational argument, except that you should get on with it.
I'm waiting for you evolutionists to get on with it, instead of side issues.
Uh ... but that is not what they show.
You can either reject the methods of genetic analysis altogether, or you can admit that genomes show non-recent divergence from non-recent common ancestors.
More confident claims, with no links, quotes, or studies to back it up. If two genomes show 96% match, this is no proof of evolution. Especially when the mutation rates do not match up to a 6 million bp divergence between human/chimp of 120 million base pairs.

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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 570 of 871 (692077)
02-27-2013 4:57 PM
Reply to: Message 519 by PaulK
02-25-2013 3:34 PM


Duplicate post
Edited by mindspawn, : Duplicate post

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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 572 of 871 (692083)
02-27-2013 5:10 PM
Reply to: Message 519 by PaulK
02-25-2013 3:34 PM


And if it NEEDED to be the same then evolution would keep it the same. So, you need a different reason.
I am only just beginning to realize that a lot of you are arguing from the illogical fallacy of mutual exclusivity.
ie you possibly think that because evolution has a good and fitting explanation for something observed in the genome, then ID cannot also have a good and fitting explanation. Well at the moment both ID and evolution have well-fitting responses to whatever is seen in the genome. I'm not pretending otherwise. Its evolutionists that claim the empirical advantage, therefore you must show it, or stop claiming any advantage any more. This genetic similarity between similar organisms (eg human/ape) fits the concept of long term nested hierarchy and also fits the view that they are designed similarly, but not exactly the same.
Still pretty dodgy. For a start Morganucodon, one of the species involved seems to have been more like a modern shrew. Secondly we have fossils indicating different parts of the transition
I find it amusing that the shrew that they picture in wikipedia also looks like a mole. So it resembles a mole, has hearing like some modern moles, but really is a so-called "transitional fossil" between reptiles and mammals.
If you could show me a half reptile, half Morganucodon fossil, you would garner some interest from me. Until then its just a mole fossil from 4000 years ago in my eyes.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 519 by PaulK, posted 02-25-2013 3:34 PM PaulK has replied

Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 574 of 871 (692086)
02-27-2013 5:19 PM
Reply to: Message 571 by Taq
02-27-2013 5:01 PM


You could also think up thousands of reasons why a creator could just as easily produce species with a mixture of bird and mammal features. A bird with mammary glands or a bat with flow through lungs are well within the reach of an all knowing and all powerful designer, wouldn't you say?
That's a strawman argument. Remember he's an intelligent designer. this means that he would place the best combinations of features together. It doesn't make sense to mix and match features that do not combine well.
There is simply no reason why we should see a nested hierarchy if creationism is true. None. Human designers are not limited to nested hierarchies, nor do we find any benefit in limiting ourselves to a nested hierarchy. So why would this supposed designer be more limited than we are?
Why do you believe that God created life so that it looks like evolution occurred when it didn't? Why would God be limited to a nested hierarchy?
Ho hum, I already said that its logical to make designs in groupings , like cars are designed in ranges (the 4x4 range etc). So this is a strawman argument. this thread is getting repetitive. Go ahead and decide what you think an intelligent designer would do and then argue why reality is not like that. You can have a nice discussion with yourself, just don't involve me because I've already refuted that strawman argument.

This message is a reply to:
 Message 571 by Taq, posted 02-27-2013 5:01 PM Taq has replied

Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 575 of 871 (692087)
02-27-2013 5:30 PM
Reply to: Message 573 by Taq
02-27-2013 5:17 PM


ID does not have a good fitting explanation for a nested hierarchy. It never has. No human designer forces their designs to fall into a nested hierarchy. When humans design new species they regularly violate the nested hierarchy because there is no reason to follow one from a design standpoint. None.
We have shown it. It is the nested hierarchy, the very pattern of shared features that we would expect to see if evolution is true, and the very pattern that is inexplicable in an ID model.
Let me put it this way. How would the genomes of humans and other apes be different if they really did all evolve from a common ancestor? Can you describe what these differences would be?
The genomes suit both theories. Both theories would expect similarities among big groups of organisms (eg hominoids) , and also short-term nested hierarchies from a recent common ancestor. I am not saying these groupings contradict the long-term nested hierarchy concept of evolutionists, but these groupings certainly fit in with intelligent design as well.
I see these large groupings like hominoids as various baramins with a similar design known for dexterity and intelligence.

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 Message 573 by Taq, posted 02-27-2013 5:17 PM Taq has replied

Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 576 of 871 (692088)
02-27-2013 5:40 PM
Reply to: Message 566 by Dr Adequate
02-27-2013 12:35 PM


Re: Novel protein coding gene in an Antarctic fish
... by posting your opinions on abiogenesis at great length, in reply to a post by bluegenes which never mentioned the subject
He was mocking the thought of a creator, he was therefore taking the argument that his view on origins is more logical than my view on origins. It would be hypocritical of him to regard origins as an essential part of my process without seeing origins as an essential part of his process.
He brought up origins, not me. I prefer to compare reality with the two theories of evolutionary processes, is there recent evolution from existing baramins or long term evolution from a common ancestor.

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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 578 of 871 (692092)
02-27-2013 5:46 PM
Reply to: Message 565 by Taq
02-27-2013 12:34 PM


No, it isn't. The emergence of modern features over time is exactly what we should see if evolution is true, and that is exactly what we observe. How does ID explain this? How does ID explain hominid transitionals?
Well like I keep saying, I agree with you. Its exactly what evolution would expect, I don't deny this. But don't use the illogical argument of mutual exclusivity because its exactly what ID would expect too.
Humans? We experienced rapid adaptation from about three main family groupings about 4500 years ago.
Do you mean Lucy , lol
Or Neanderthals - they are just humans, nothing more, nothing less.

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Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 581 of 871 (692098)
02-27-2013 6:01 PM
Reply to: Message 577 by Taq
02-27-2013 5:45 PM


Why would ID expect separate designs to fall into a nested hierarchy? You still have not explained this.
There has been short term speciation from baramins during the last 6500 years. These species would evolve according to nested hierarchies.
The long-term hierarchies supposedly observed are misinterpretations of designed groupings, which retain similar features, and similar DNA sequences.

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Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 582 of 871 (692102)
02-27-2013 6:16 PM
Reply to: Message 579 by Taq
02-27-2013 5:49 PM


Why would the best combinations fall into a nested hierarchy?
Why wouldn't mammary glands combine well with feathers? Why wouldn't three middle ear bones combine with flow through lungs? Why wouldn't an all powerful creator be able to create a functional species with cusped cheek teeth and calcified eggs?
You are making assertions with ZERO facts to back them.
Feathers have many advantages, mainly related to flying. Birds are flying specialists, and so any lightness advantage is very important to their survival, and additional features that involve metabolism , blood and oxygen supply not used for flying can damage their fitness. Mammary glands are a luxury for those organisms that have the ability to process large amounts of excess oxygen and food. Mammals are less vulnerable on a daily basis to external factors such as food supply, oxygen supply, temperature fluctuations.

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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 589 of 871 (692166)
02-28-2013 11:51 AM
Reply to: Message 560 by Taq
02-27-2013 12:19 PM


Cars do not fall into a nested hierarchy. Humans and other apes do. Orthologous ERV's fall into a nested hierarchy. LTR divergence within ERV's fall into a nested hierarchy. Overall ERV sequence divergence falls into a nested hierarchy. Again, designed things do not fall into a nested hierarchy. So why is the observed fact of a nested hierarchy evidence of creationism when creationism does not predict a nested hierarchy, and even furthermore when evolution does predict a nested hierarchy? Why should evidence for creationism look identical to evidence for evolution, and unlike evidence that is consistent with design?
Even more, we observe the mechanisms of evolution producing nested hierarchies. We use these observations to infer when mutations occurred in a lineage and the selective pressures that specific sequences are under.
Just hang on a moment Taq. Are we using different definitions of nested hierarchies? Maybe we are referring to two different ideas and somehow misunderstanding eachother.
Nested hierarchies - Understanding Evolution
Nested Hierarchies
Common ancestry is conspicuous.
Evolution predicts that living things will be related to one another in what scientists refer to as nested hierarchiesrather like nested boxes. Groups of related organisms share suites of similar characteristics and the number of shared traits increases with relatedness. This is indeed what we observe in the living world and in the fossil record and these relationships can be illustrated as shown below.
According to the Berkeley description of nested hierarchies , the description of nested hierarchies is of groupings with similar characteristics, and of course you find the same characteristics in intelligent design (ie my car example).
Ask a designer why he does not force his designs into a nested hierarchy.
Rather evolutionists should explain why they sort design groupings into nested hierarchies with no favorable evidence to prefer the nested hierarchy concept.
So if humans fall into a nested hierarchy with other apes then we belong to the same baramin? What about all mammals, or all vertebrates? We find nested hierarchies there as well.
these long term hierarchies are just an evolutionary assumption without evidence, so your argument is based on unproven assumptions that there are long term nested hierarchies, when these could be design groupings.
Yes, 100 mutations in a population that produces millions of mutations per generation. Do the math. Let's go 50 mutations per individual per generation in a very small population of just 100,000. That's 5 million mutations in a single generation meaning that only 0.002% of the mutations need to be kept according to your math
These mutations have to accumulate in individuals, you are not making any sense here. And 50 mutations per generation is not enough, you need 100.
How? Where has anyone observed this supposed designer producing a single mutation? How does ID explain the nested hierarchy between what you call baramins?
You don't have an explanation. You have an empty assertion.
Hmmm you lack so much understanding of my position, I feel it would be impossible to explain it to you. Let me try once.
I am not claiming that the designer produced mutations, He produced organisms that are already different (eg 120 million base pair differences between the ape and human). Since that moment, there have been a few mutations.
How does ID explain Ka/Ks ratios in genes when comparing genomes between baramins?
I know nothing of this argument, could you explain more, or give me a link please?

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 Message 560 by Taq, posted 02-27-2013 12:19 PM Taq has replied

Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 590 of 871 (692169)
02-28-2013 12:12 PM
Reply to: Message 583 by Taq
02-27-2013 6:16 PM


How are they being misinterpreted? If they do not fall into nested hierarchies, then show us some obvious, large scale violations of the nested hierarchy.
I'm the one saying the evidence fits both theories. You are the one saying evolution is the stronger theory, therefore you have to prove why evolution is the stronger theory. Why do you deny that an ID would design in groupings? Its the most obvious way to make designs.
Why don't we see intermediates between mammals and birds, and why do we see intermediates between mammals and reptiles?
A designer designs in a creative manner, not bound by your rules. General groupings are observed, and some crossovers are observed. This is what happens in car design too (the Subaru - crossover family car/4x4 the 4 door Porsche - crossover family car sports car).
Humans move DNA from one species to another to design new species, and they clearly violate a nested hierarchy. Nothing about intelligent design requires a nested hierarchy of shared features, and you have not shown us why a nested hierarchy is required.
Could you kindly post your evidence that humans have produced fitness improvements under natural conditions.

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 Message 583 by Taq, posted 02-27-2013 6:16 PM Taq has replied

Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 594 of 871 (692176)
02-28-2013 1:27 PM
Reply to: Message 586 by Blue Jay
02-27-2013 10:18 PM


But, until somebody does, it remains unexplained. That's a black mark on your hypothesis.
Fair enough comment , but now that I am doing more research, it seems that these grouped characteristics make a lot of sense, and very similar to what I was saying earlier, so I wasn't so far out:
The Eight Main Characteristics of Mammals
Mammals characteristics include numerous adaptations that enable them to survive in a wide range of environments. They live in nearly every habitat around the globe, from frigid polar regions, to turbulent seas, to dense tropical forests. Modern mammals range in stature from tiny field mice to massive whales and although various species may look drastically different, all mammals still share a unifying set of characteristics.
Mammals nurture their young, and are genetically inclined to do so::
Mutant mice that ignore their own infants, allowing them to die from neglect, provide new evidence that in mammals the very essence of mothering -- the ability to nurture the young -- has an important genetic component.
I'm not explaining all features, but the features of a strong backbone (to carry young), mammary glands, live young (most mammals), placenta (most mammals) all assist in basic nurturing. Through nurturing, there can be learned behaviour , which adds to adaptability, parents guiding offspring into best habits
http://www.rmc.edu/.../A1C4811B06EE4026954BF7B38CC6CA85.ashx
Few evolutionary transformations rival the complex neurobiological modifications accompanying the mammalian
transition to parenthood. Research conducted primarily in maternal rodents highlights the engagement
of multiple areas of the brain to initiate and maintain interest in resource-depleting vulnerable pups
throughout lactation. Interestingly, many modificationsmarking the transition tomotherhood result in adaptive
response options that persist well beyond the weaning of pups; specifically, adaptations such as cognitive flexibility,
emotional regulation and enhanced social attentiveness coincide with the parenthood transition and
haveemerged as defining characteristics of themost adaptivemammalian species. The paternal brain also results
in interesting modifications that, in some biparental species, mimic the effects observed in females. Taken together,
research suggests that the designation of parent is less of a categorical variable and more of a continuous
variable, with the quality of nurturing responses directed toward offspring influenced by many factors such
as predisposed sensitivity to reproductive hormones, nature and duration of exposure to offspring, number of
reproductive experiences, adequate resources, and composition of the social environment. Indeed, the transition
from an animal focused on self-preservation to one that is responsive to the needs of other animals, and the accompanying
increases in reproductive fitness, represent a significant evolutionary transition, or upgrade of sorts,
leading to a more diverse array of response options to meet the challenging demands of changing environmental
and social terrains.
Hair and the four chambered heart are for temperature control, which adds to adaptability in more extreme summer/winter temperature fluctuations.
The Eight Main Characteristics of Mammals
The structure of a four-chambered heart offers greater efficiency than the three- and two- chambered heart structures. A four-chambered heart separates oxgenated blood coming from the lungs from the partially deoxygenated blood returning from the body to the lungs to be re-oxygenated. The prevention of mixing of these two streams of blood ensures that tissues receive oxygen-rich blood which in turn enables sustained muscle activity and helps in maintaining constant body temperatures
The four chambered heart goes together with the fetus, because a fetus requires a good oxygen supply for good survival.
So essentially the defining features of a mammal go together in a well fitting whole.
The same argument goes for birds, the features of birds are grouped for flight, whereas in mammals the features are grouped for adaptability. Birds have feathers, hollow bones, high metabolic rate, lay eggs. All these assist with flight.
Edited by mindspawn, : No reason given.

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Replies to this message:
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mindspawn
Member (Idle past 2690 days)
Posts: 1015
Joined: 10-22-2012


Message 597 of 871 (692201)
03-01-2013 1:18 AM
Reply to: Message 591 by Coyote
02-28-2013 12:19 PM


Re: Evidence again
Incorrect. A IDer could come up with any design, with no need to have even one individual resemble another, let alone any population or species with group similarities..
That's what I said, thanks for confirming my point:I said:
"A designer designs in a creative manner, not bound by your rules. General groupings are observed, and some crossovers are observed. This is what happens in car design too (the Subaru - crossover family car/4x4 the 4 door Porsche - crossover family car sports car)."
Your insistence that a designer would not have any consistency is illogical and does not conform to what intelligent designers actually are observed to do. So your point about variety is accepted, your point about no groupings in intelligent design makes no sense whatsoever. There would be groupings and some design duplication between designs that have similar function, anything less is stupid design, not intelligent design. So in essence your whole argument that design and nested features are not compatible is a strawman argument.

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