In terms of dating geologic age, basalt is an excellent marker. Using Potasium 40 or Argon dating will get you a fairly accurate date of a volcanic event.
Now for arguements sake we have a layer or basalt, the sedementry rock, then more basalt - We can be fairly certain of the time period of the sedimentry rock.
For the sake of the discussion, lets assume that the layer of sediment has a fossil percular to it. By looking for this particular fossil in other sedimentry rock will give us the date of that rock as well.
Edited by MG1962, : No reason given.