Facts may show us that a large percentage of black men are incarcerated, but it would be improper to infer that blacks have a higher incarceration rate. Reason? Not all blacks do. It is simply incarceration for some of society-at-large.
This seems to be a bit confused. If a larger percentage of black men are incarcerated than non-black men, then black men have a higher rate of incarceration. That's entailed by the definitions of the words in the preceding sentence. I think you mean something a bit different.