I have a basic understanding of the law of conservation of energy. It pretty much says that something can't come from nothing.
Good.
If you think back to the very beginning of things wouldn't there be a time where nothing existed?
Not if you think out box, sans bible redux.
If there was a time when nothing existed then how does anything exist today?
There never was such a time.
Doesn't the "existence" of "things" today violate the law of conservation of energy, because in the beginning nothing existed?
No.